Exploring the role of microorganisms in the disease-like syndrome affecting the sponge Ianthella basta.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology
Heidi M LuterN S Webster

Abstract

A disease-like syndrome is currently affecting a large percentage of the Ianthella basta populations from the Great Barrier Reef and central Torres Strait. Symptoms of the syndrome include discolored, necrotic spots leading to tissue degradation, exposure of the skeletal fibers, and disruption of the choanocyte chambers. To ascertain the role of microbes in the disease process, a comprehensive comparison of bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other eukaryotes was performed in healthy and diseased sponges using multiple techniques. A low diversity of microbes was observed in both healthy and diseased sponge communities, with all sponges dominated by an Alphaproteobacteria, a Gammaproteobacteria, and a group I crenarchaeota. Bacterial cultivation, community analysis by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (Bacteria and Eukarya), sequencing of 16S rRNA clone libraries (Bacteria and Archaea), and direct visual assessment by electron microscopy failed to reveal any putative pathogens. In addition, infection assays could not establish the syndrome in healthy sponges even after direct physical contact with affected tissue. These results suggest that microbes are not responsible for the formation of brown spot lesions and necrosis in I. b...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 14, 2012·Diseases of Aquatic Organisms·H AngermeierU Hentschel
Jul 4, 2012·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Lijun XiYing Huang
Jun 13, 2014·Environmental Microbiology·Lucas Moitinho-SilvaUte Hentschel
May 27, 2014·Frontiers in Microbiology·Heidi M LuterNicole S Webster
Aug 14, 2012·FEMS Microbiology Ecology·Emily C GilesSusanne Schmitt
Dec 2, 2010·FEMS Microbiology Ecology·Hilde AngermeierUte Hentschel
Mar 16, 2013·FEMS Microbiology Ecology·Rachel SimisterPeter Deines
Mar 27, 2018·Environmental Microbiology·Patrick W LaffyNicole S Webster
Apr 23, 2016·MBio·Nicole S Webster, Torsten Thomas
Jul 31, 2012·Nature Reviews. Microbiology·Ute HentschelMichael W Taylor
Jul 29, 2018·Scientific Reports·Laura Núñez-PonsConxita Avila
Mar 30, 2011·Environmental Microbiology·Nicole S Webster, Michael W Taylor
May 24, 2017·Frontiers in Microbiology·Lucas Moitinho-SilvaUte Hentschel
Oct 26, 2018·PeerJ·Cecília PascelliNicole S Webster
Jan 10, 2021·Scientific Reports·A E VishnyakovA N Ostrovsky

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