Exploring the Scope of Photo-Induced Electron Transfer-Chelation-Enhanced Fluorescence-Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer Processes for Recognition and Discrimination of Zn2+ , Cd2+ , Hg2+ , and Al3+ in a Ratiometric Manner: Application to Sea Fish Analysis

ACS Omega
Milan GhoshDebasis Das

Abstract

A rhodamine-based smart probe (RHES) has been developed for trace-level detection and discrimination of multiple cations, viz. Al3+, Zn2+, Cd2+, and Hg2+ in a ratiometric manner involving photo-induced electron transfer-chelation-enhanced fluorescence-fluorescence resonance energy transfer processes. The method being very fast and highly selective allows their bare eye visualization at a physiological pH. The optimized geometry and spectral properties of RHES and its cation adducts have been analyzed by time-dependent density functional theory calculations. RHES detects as low as 1.5 × 10-9 M Al3+, 1.2 × 10-9 M Zn2+, 6.7 × 10-9 M Cd2+, and 1.7 × 10-10 M Hg2+, whereas the respective association constants are 1.33 × 105 M-1, 2.11 × 104 M-1, 1.35 × 105 M-1, and 4.09 × 105 M-1. The other common ions do not interfere. The probe is useful for intracellular imaging of Zn2+, Cd2+, and Hg2+ in squamous epithelial cells. RHES is useful for the determination of the ions in sea fish and real samples.

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Citations

Jul 25, 2018·Dalton Transactions : an International Journal of Inorganic Chemistry·Milan GhoshDebasis Das
Dec 6, 2018·Journal of Molecular Recognition : JMR·Milan GhoshDebasis Das
Aug 23, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Zhen-Li QiMao-Long Chen
Jul 10, 2021·ChemistryOpen·Geeta A ZalmiSheshanath V Bhosale

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
fluorescence spectroscopy
Fluorescence
fluorescence titration
FRET
dissection

Software Mentioned

Leica Application Suite
Gaussian
IBH DAS
RHES

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