Exposing rodents to a combination of tobacco smoke and lipopolysaccharide results in an exaggerated inflammatory response in the lung.

British Journal of Pharmacology
E L HardakerC Poll

Abstract

Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which are often associated with respiratory infections, are defined as a worsening of symptoms that require a change in medication. Exacerbations are characterized by a reduction in lung function, quality of life and are associated with increased pro-inflammatory mediators in the lung. Our aim was to develop an animal model to mimic aspects of this exaggerated inflammatory response by combining key etiological factors, tobacco smoke (TS) and bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Rats were exposed to TS for 30 min twice a day for 2 days. On day 3 animals were exposed to LPS for 30 min followed by exposure to TS 5 h later. Inflammation, mucus and lung function were assessed 24 h after LPS. Neutrophils, mucus, oedema and cytotoxicity in lung and/or bronchoalveolar lavage was increased in animals exposed to combined LPS and TS, compared with either stimulus alone. Lung function was impaired in animals exposed to combined LPS and TS. Inflammatory cells, oedema and mucus were unaffected by pretreatment with the corticosteroid, budesonide, but were reduced by the phosphodiesterase 4 selective inhibitor roflumilast. Additionally, lung function was improved by roflumilas...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 29, 2014·American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology·Yuan XuLars-Olaf Cardell
May 29, 2012·Translational Research : the Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine·Yan ZhouLihong Wan
Aug 19, 2015·International Immunopharmacology·Bhakti N Sadarani, Anuradha S Majumdar
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Sep 4, 2018·Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : ECAM·Long FanLin Lin
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May 5, 2017·Tobacco Induced Diseases·Vahideh GhoraniMajid Kianmeher
Nov 21, 2017·International Immunopharmacology·Xue LiangWenju Lu

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