Exposure of apple thinners to parathion residues.

Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
H R WolfeW F Durham

Abstract

In studies of potential exposure of a volunteer working under controlled conditions during apple hand-thinning operations at 1, 24, 48, 72, 96, 168, and 240 hr after application of conventional 0.03% parathion spray, both dermal and respiratory exposure values were greater where water-wettable powder formulations were used than where emulsifiables were used. Residue levels of parathion on leaves from the two types of applications were about the same. Only trace amounts of paraoxon could be detected at one and seven days after application. Highest exposure values (14.2 mg/hr dermally and 0.15 mg/hr respiratorily) were obtained within 24 hr of application. Exposure was considerably less after residues were 72 hr old. Greatest exposure was on the forearms and hands. Urinary p-nitrophenol excretion indicated slightly more absorption following exposure in water-wettable powder experimental plots. Potential exposure values indicate that absorption could reach hazardous levels after one or two hr of work, even at the 96-hr residue period, if all the pesticide were absorbed. Considering that only a small fraction of the total amount would be absorbed, it is calculated that at 75-hr residue period poisoning should not occur. There was n...Continue Reading

References

Sep 1, 1966·Archives of Environmental Health·H R WolfeW F Durham
Feb 15, 1958·Journal of the American Medical Association·G E QUINBY, A B LEMMON

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Citations

Jan 1, 1980·Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology·T L LavyD C Bouchard
Jan 1, 1980·Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology·G W Wicker, F E Guthrie
May 1, 1987·Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology·G RitceyH E Braun
Nov 1, 1982·Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology·J E DavisL C Butler
May 1, 1990·Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology·J Laughlin, R E Gold
Jan 1, 1974·Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology·F E GuthrieR R Monroe
Jan 1, 1976·Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology·F E GuthrieR J Monroe
Mar 27, 2002·Journal of Biomedical Science·Robert E KramerRodney C Baker
Jul 30, 2002·Journal of Biomedical Science·Robert E KramerRodney C Baker
Jan 1, 1978·Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology·W F Serat
Dec 1, 1991·The Science of the Total Environment·G Schüürmann
May 1, 1997·Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health·K L YuknavageC E Furlong
Jan 30, 2003·Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part B, Critical Reviews·Stephanie J GarciaMohamed B Abou-Donia
Mar 1, 1982·Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health·C S Skinner, W W Kilgore
Mar 1, 1982·Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health·C S Skinner, W W Kilgore
Mar 1, 1982·Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health·C S Skinner, W W Kilgore
Jan 1, 1982·Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology·W F SeratW H Serat
Jan 1, 1982·Critical Reviews in Microbiology·S W JosephJ B Kaper
Jan 1, 1978·Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part. B, Pesticides, Food Contaminants, and Agricultural Wastes·N S KawarY Iwata
Dec 1, 1977·Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology·D L ElliottF A Gunther

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