PMID: 8938246Oct 1, 1995Paper

Exposure of commuters to carbon monoxide in Mexico City II. Comparison of in-vehicle and fixed-site concentrations

Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology
A A Fernandez-Bremauntz, M R Ashmore

Abstract

The objective of this paper is to compare measurements of carbon monoxide taken concurrently inside vehicles and at fixed-site monitoring stations (FSMs), in order to assess if the FSM stations can be used to estimate commuters' exposure to this pollutant. During the study period ambient CO concentrations were very high. Five selected stations reported concentrations in excess of the Mexican (13 ppm) and United States (9 ppm) 8-hour standards for CO. Since, for all modes of transportation, the in-vehicle concentrations were always larger than the concurrent ambient concentrations, the differences between them were always positive and the ratios were always greater than one. Average, in-vehicle/ambient ratios for each mode of transportation were: automobile, 5.2; minivan, 5.2; minibus, 4.3; bus, 3.1; trolleybus 3.0; and metro, 2.2. A series of simple regression models with a moderate predictive power (R2 = 0.47 to 0.71) were developed for metro, bus, minibus, and automobile commuters. The models include the FSM measurements and also, depending on the mode of transportation, other variables, such as vehicular speed, the route of travel, and the wind speed. In the future, the models should be validated in two ways to determine the...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 8, 2002·The Science of the Total Environment·Judith C ChowElizabeth Vega
Jun 12, 2003·The Science of the Total Environment·A DuciN Spyrellis
Oct 26, 2000·Reviews on Environmental Health·J M Horner
May 16, 2000·Occupational and Environmental Medicine·E ZaguryI Momas
Feb 8, 2011·The Science of the Total Environment·O Amador-MuñozL E Vera-Avila
Feb 26, 2008·The Science of the Total Environment·Layale Abi Esber, Mutasem El-Fadel
Oct 7, 2015·The Science of the Total Environment·Pramod Kumar, N C Gupta
Jul 12, 2005·Environment International·Xianglu Han, Luke P Naeher
Jun 16, 2016·Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology·Naohide ShinoharaShinji Wakamatsu
Nov 9, 2007·Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part A, Toxic/hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering·Aonghus McNabolaLaurence W Gill
Mar 17, 1999·The Journal of the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health·J Horner

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