Exposure of neonatal rats to alcohol has differential effects on neuroinflammation and neuronal survival in the cerebellum and hippocampus

Journal of Neuroinflammation
Lauren A TopperCarlos Fernando Valenzuela

Abstract

Fetal alcohol exposure is a leading cause of preventable birth defects, yet drinking during pregnancy remains prevalent worldwide. Studies suggest that activation of the neuroimmune system plays a role in the effects of alcohol exposure during the rodent equivalent to the third trimester of human pregnancy (i.e., first week of neonatal life), particularly by contributing to neuronal loss. Here, we performed a comprehensive study investigating differences in the neuroimmune response in the cerebellum and hippocampus, which are important targets of third trimester-equivalent alcohol exposure. To model heavy, binge-like alcohol exposure during this period, we exposed rats to alcohol vapor inhalation during postnatal days (P)3-5 (blood alcohol concentration = 0.5 g/dL). The cerebellar vermis and hippocampus of rat pups were analyzed for signs of glial cell activation and neuronal loss by immunohistochemistry at different developmental stages. Cytokine production was measured by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction during peak blood alcohol concentration and withdrawal periods. Additionally, adolescent offspring were assessed for alterations in gait and spatial memory. We found that this paradigm causes Purkinje cell dege...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 23, 2016·Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience·Clare J Wilhelm, Marina Guizzetti
Mar 12, 2016·Neuroscience·Jason H WelchC Fernando Valenzuela
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Jun 29, 2021·Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences·Iskra AraujoDanielle Gulick

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
dissector

Software Mentioned

ImageJ
Catwalk XT
GraphPad
Prism

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