Exposure of sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) to cadmium sulfide nanoparticles: biological effects and the importance of experimental design

Marine Environmental Research
Matthew B SandersStephen W Feist

Abstract

Effects of nanoparticles on aquatic organisms have been little studied to date and toxicological data are urgently needed for development of regulatory frameworks for these substances. Here, we report the findings of a study exposing sticklebacks to cadmium sulfide (CdS) as bulk material and quantum dots. Fish were exposed for 21 d in a flow through test system to 5, 50 or 500 microg l(-1) CdS nanoparticles (nCdS) coated in thiol terminated methyl polyethylene glycol (MPEG), bulk CdS or MPEG at 500 microg l(-1) (nominal concentrations). With the exception of the highest nCdS exposure, measured concentrations were approximately one order of magnitude below nominal. A single fish from each group (excluding MPEG) was examined using energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) to localise cadmium, however, cadmium could not be detected in whole body sections. Elevated levels of oxidized glutathione were measured in the gills of fish exposed to 50 and 500 microg l(-1) nCdS. Induction of vitellogenin synthesis was not detected in any of the treatment groups. The number of males engaged in nest-building behaviour following exposure to 500 microg l(-1) nCdS was reduced and livers of 4/6 fish in the same treatment displayed hepatocellular nuc...Continue Reading

References

Oct 16, 2002·Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Toxicology & Pharmacology : CBP·Eiríkur StephensenLars Förlin
May 28, 2005·Marine Pollution Bulletin·Richard Owen, Michael Depledge
Jul 9, 2005·Environmental Health Perspectives·Günter OberdörsterJan Oberdörster
Nov 3, 2005·Environmental Health Perspectives·Marianne GeiserPeter Gehr

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Citations

Aug 21, 2013·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Ivo IavicoliAntonio Bergamaschi
Oct 20, 2015·Aquatic Toxicology·Thiago Lopes RochaMaria João Bebianno
Dec 2, 2014·Mutation Research. Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis·Marco MunariBrett P Lyons
Apr 9, 2011·Environment International·Benjamin J Shaw, Richard D Handy
Oct 18, 2016·Environment International·Thiago Lopes RochaMaria João Bebianno

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