Abstract
The objective of this prospective cohort study was to describe the relationship between exposure to antimicrobials, through both the milk diet and systemic therapy, and to describe antimicrobial resistance of fecal Escherichia coli in dairy calves pre- and postweaning. A convenience sample of 15 Minnesota dairy farms was chosen, representing 3 equal cohorts of milk diet fed to preweaned calves: medicated milk replacer (MMR), nonmedicated milk replacer (NMR), or pasteurized nonsaleable milk (PNM). Five newborn calves were enrolled on each farm, with fecal samples collected from each calf at 1, 3, 5, and 16 wk of age. After isolation, 3 colonies of E. coli were randomly selected from each sample to determine antimicrobial susceptibility by minimum inhibitory concentration (Sensititer, Thermo Scientific, Waltham, MA) to 8 antimicrobials in 8 classes. The isolate was given an antimicrobial resistance score (ARS) according to the number of antimicrobial classes to which it was resistant. Any isolate resistant to 3 or more antimicrobials was defined as being multidrug resistant (MDR). Relationships between ARS and MDR (dependent variables) and possible explanatory variables were analyzed using mixed multivariable linear and logistic ...Continue Reading
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