Exposure to Sub-lethal 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid Arrests Cell Division and Alters Cell Surface Properties in Escherichia coli

Frontiers in Microbiology
Supriya V BhatTanya E S Dahms

Abstract

Escherichia coli is a robust, easily adaptable and culturable bacterium in vitro, and a model bacterium for studying the impact of xenobiotics in the environment. We have used correlative atomic force - laser scanning confocal microscopy (AFM-LSCM) to characterize the mechanisms of cellular response to the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). One of the most extensively used herbicides world-wide, 2,4-D is known to cause hazardous effects in diverse non-target organisms. Sub-lethal concentrations of 2,4-D caused DNA damage in E. coli WM1074 during short exposure periods which increased significantly over time. In response to 2,4-D, FtsZ and FtsA relocalized within seconds, coinciding with the complete inhibition of cell septation and cell elongation. Exposure to 2,4-D also resulted in increased activation of the SOS response. Changes to cell division were accompanied by concomitant changes to surface roughness, elasticity and adhesion in a time-dependent manner. This is the first study describing the mechanistic details of 2,4-D at sub-lethal levels in bacteria. Our study suggests that 2,4-D arrests E. coli cell division within seconds after exposure by disrupting the divisome complex, facilitated by dissipation of...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 8, 2019·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Samira MahmoudiniaMohammad Mazani
Jul 17, 2020·Frontiers in Microbiology·Yves F Dufrêne, Albertus Viljoen
Apr 8, 2020·Journal of Bacteriology·Albertus ViljoenYves F Dufrêne
Nov 14, 2019·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Agata Jabłońska-TrypućAndrzej Butarewicz
Jan 3, 2021·Lasers in Medical Science·Adenilson de Souza da FonsecaAndre Luiz Mencalha
May 25, 2021·Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology·Supriya V BhatTanya E S Dahms

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
GTPase
AFM

Software Mentioned

JPK
GraphPad
ImageJ
Zeiss Zen
GraphPad Prism
ZEN
Photoshop

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