Expression and cellular localization of substance P/neurokinin A and neurokinin B mRNAs in the rat retina

Visual Neuroscience
N C BrechaJ E Krause

Abstract

The mammalian tachykinin peptides, substance P (SP), neurokinin A (NKA), and neurokinin B (NKB) are encoded by distinct mRNAs derived from separate preprotachykinin (PPT) genes. The SP/NKA-encoding PPT gene generates three mRNAs by alternative RNA processing: alpha-PPT mRNA, which encodes SP only, and beta- and gamma-PPT mRNAs, which encode both SP and NKA. The NKB-encoding PPT gene generates mRNAs that produce NKB. The distribution and cellular localization of SP, NKA and NKB mRNAs in the rat retina were studied by RNA blot and in situ hybridization techniques. Blot hybridization analysis of retinal RNA extracts with [32P]-labeled RNA probes complementary to SP/NKA and NKB mRNAs demonstrated single bands of hybridization at 1300 and 900 bases, respectively. Solution hybridization-nuclease protection experiments showed multiple SP/NKA-encoding transcripts with relative levels of gamma-PPT mRNA greater than beta-PPT mRNA much greater than alpha-PPT mRNA. In situ hybridization histochemistry with [35S]-labeled antisense RNAs demonstrated that SP/NKA-encoding transcripts are expressed in small-to-medium somata located in the proximal inner nuclear, inner plexiform, and ganglion cell layers, whereas NKB-encoding transcripts are exp...Continue Reading

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