Expression patterns of connexin43 protein during facial development in the chick embryo: associates with outgrowth, attachment, and closure of the midfacial primordia

The Anatomical Record
R MinkoffE L Hertzberg

Abstract

In a prior report, evidence was presented for the presence of gap junction proteins [connexin32 and connexin43 (Cx43)] in embryonic facial primordia. The purpose of the present study was, first, to examine in detail the patterns of distribution of Cx43 protein in embryonic chick facial primordia and, second, to consider the possible roles played by this protein during midfacial development. Chick embryo heads were serially sectioned and processed for immunofluorescent localization of Cx43. The developmental stages examined encompassed the period of formation, enlargement, and union of the facial primordia. Western blot analysis of the facial primordia was also performed. Analysis of serial sections revealed the presence of signal in both epithelium and mesenchyme at sites of attachment in each of the midfacial primordia (i.e., the medial nasal, lateral nasal, and maxillary processes). Furthermore, although signal was concentrated in mesenchyme in the distal tips of the primordia at sites of attachment, immunoreactivity was absent, sparse, or less intense outside the areas of attachment. In some cases (i.e., the maxillary process), immunoreactive signal in mesenchyme did not appear in the distal tip until the primordia approxima...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 1, 2010·Birth Defects Research. Part A, Clinical and Molecular Teratology·Partha MukhopadhyayRobert M Greene
Dec 18, 2001·Developmental Dynamics : an Official Publication of the American Association of Anatomists·I M McGonnellD L Becker
Jun 21, 2006·Developmental Dynamics : an Official Publication of the American Association of Anatomists·Axel T EsserMichael Levin
May 8, 2007·Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology·Michael Levin
Oct 4, 2011·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·Nidhi BatraJean X Jiang

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