Extended Cleavage Specificity of the Rat Vascular Chymase, a Potential Blood Pressure Regulating Enzyme Expressed by Rat Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Petter BerglundLars Hellman

Abstract

Serine proteases constitute the major protein content of the cytoplasmic granules of several hematopoietic cell lineages. These proteases are encoded from four different loci in mammals. One of these loci, the chymase locus, has in rats experienced a massive expansion in the number of functional genes. The human chymase locus encodes 4 proteases, whereas the corresponding locus in rats contains 28 such genes. One of these new genes has changed tissue specificity and has been found to be expressed primarily in vascular smooth muscle cells, and therefore been named rat vascular chymase (RVC). This β-chymase has been claimed to be a potent angiotensin-converting enzyme by cleaving angiotensin (Ang) I into Ang II and thereby having the potential to regulate blood pressure. To further characterize this enzyme, we have used substrate phage display and a panel of recombinant substrates to obtain a detailed quantitative view of its extended cleavage specificity. RVC was found to show a strong preference for Phe and Tyr in the P1 position, but also to accept Leu and Trp in this position. A strong preference for Ser or Arg in the P1' position, just C-terminally of the cleavage site, and a preference for aliphatic amino acids in most othe...Continue Reading

References

Jan 1, 1987·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·H Le TrongR G Woodbury
Jan 26, 1996·Science·U M ChandrasekharanA Husain
Nov 25, 1997·European Journal of Biochemistry·T S ZamolodchikovaT I Vorotyntseva
Jul 19, 2000·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·G H CaugheyP J Wolters
Mar 16, 2001·Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry·S TakaiM Miyazaki
Mar 20, 2001·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·C GuoM Rabinovitch
Jun 21, 2001·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·H JuM Rabinovitch
Nov 26, 2002·European Journal of Biochemistry·Yuichi KunoriAkiyoshi Fukamizu
Jun 3, 2004·Genome Research·Gavin E CrooksSteven E Brenner
Sep 15, 2005·Hypertension Research : Official Journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension·Kazuyoshi KirimuraMizuo Miyazaki
May 15, 2007·Immunological Reviews·George H Caughey
Jul 14, 2007·Circulation Research·Eduard N LavrentyevKafait U Malik
Sep 18, 2007·Advances in Immunology·Gunnar PejlerSara Wernersson
Mar 3, 2012·PloS One·Maike GallwitzLars Hellman
Nov 16, 2013·Biochemistry. Biokhimii︠a︡·T S ZamolodchikovaE V Svirshchevskaya
Jul 29, 2016·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·Sarfaraz AhmadCarlos M Ferrario
Jan 6, 2017·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Zhirong FuLars Hellman
Jan 1, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Yuan ZhongweiLars Hellman

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jan 6, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Shamila VibhushanUlrich Blank

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
phage display
PCR
transgenic
transgenics

Software Mentioned

Adobe Illustrator
CLC viewer

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

Related Papers

Nihon yakurigaku zasshi. Folia pharmacologica Japonica
H Okunishi
Nihon yakurigaku zasshi. Folia pharmacologica Japonica
Shinji TakaiM Miyazaki
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
Kayo SaitoYoshiaki Fukuda
Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine
S NakayamaK Arakawa
© 2021 Meta ULC. All rights reserved