Extracellular Vesicles in Diagnosis and Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer: Current State and Future Perspectives

Cancers
J Spencer LaneAjay Goel

Abstract

Pancreatic cancer remains one of the deadliest diagnoses a patient can receive. One of the reasons for this lethality is that this malignancy is often detected very late due to a lack of symptoms during the early stages. In addition to the lack of symptoms, we currently do not have a reliable biomarker for screening. Carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 has a sensitivity between 79% and 84% and a specificity of 82-90%, making it unreliable for early detection. Recently, there have been numerous studies on the use of extracellular vesicles (EVs) to detect pancreas cancer. This field has been rapidly expanding, with new methods and biomarkers being introduced regularly. This review provides a systematic update on the commonly used and promising methods used in the detection of EVs, biomarkers associated with EVs for early detection and prognosis, as well as studies looking at using EVs as therapeutics. The review ends with remarks about areas to focus on using EVs going forward.

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Citations

Dec 15, 2020·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta. Reviews on Cancer·Shusuke TodenAjay Goel
Nov 1, 2020·Drug Discovery Today·Batoul Farran, Ganji Purnachandra Nagaraju

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
density gradient fractionation
electron microscopy
biosensor
Assay
PCR
transmission electron microscopy
ELISA
pull
biopsy
Precipitation

Software Mentioned

ExoQuick

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