Extraction of Proanthocyanidins and Anthocyanins from Grape Skin by Using Ionic Liquids

Food Technology and Biotechnology
Natka ĆurkoKarin Kovačević Ganić

Abstract

In this study, eight different types of imidazolium-based ionic liquids (ILs) were applied as new solvents in the extraction of flavonoids from grape skin, and compared to the conventional organic solvent extraction that was not reported earlier. The structure of anions, cations and concentration of ILs significantly affected extraction yields. The highest mass fractions of proanthocyanidins and anthocyanins were obtained with 2.5 mol/L of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide [C4mim][Br] and 2.5 mol/L of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide [C2mim][Br], respectively. The studied ILs provided an excellent preliminary result in the extraction of anthocyanins. Significantly higher mass fractions of total and all free anthocyanins were extracted with 2.5 mol/L of [C2mim][Br] and 2.5 mol/L of 1-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate [mim][HSO4] than with conventional solvent with the exception of anthocyanin-3-O-acetylmonoglucosides in the latter. On the other hand, 2.5 mol/L of [C4mim][Br] and 2.5 mol/L of 1-(4-sulfobutyl)-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate [sC4mim][HSO4] showed significantly higher selectivity towards anthocyanin-3-O-acetylmonoglucosides and anthocyanin-3-(6-O-p-coumaroyl)monoglucosides.

Citations

Jul 20, 2018·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Jiao XiaoNing Li
Feb 6, 2020·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Maria Fraga-CorralJesus Simal-Gandara
Dec 17, 2020·Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety·Leonardo M de Souza MesquitaVeridiana V de Rosso
Jul 17, 2021·Frontiers in Nutrition·Maria Carolina Rodríguez-DazaDenis Roy

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