Extramedical use of prescription pain relievers by youth aged 12 to 21 years in the United States: national estimates by age and by year.

Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine
Elizabeth A MeierJames C Anthony

Abstract

OBJECTIVE To identify when youth are most likely to start using prescription pain relievers to get high or for other unapproved indications outside the boundaries of what a prescribing physician might intend (ie, extramedical use). DESIGN Cross-sectional surveys of adolescent cohorts, 2004 to 2008. SETTING The United States. PARTICIPANTS Large nationally representative samples of youth in the United States who had been assessed for the 2004 through 2008 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, yielding data from 138 729 participants aged 12 to 21 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Estimated age-specific risk of starting extramedical use of prescription pain relievers, year by year, and confirmation of age at peak risk by tracing the experience of individual cohorts during this period. RESULTS The estimated peak risk of starting extramedical use of prescription pain relievers occurs in midadolescence, well before the college years. The age at peak risk is 16 years, when an estimated 2% to 3% become newly incident users. Smaller risk estimates are observed at age 12 to 14 years and at age 19 to 21 years. CONCLUSIONS For initiatives to prevent youth from using prescription pain relievers to get high or for other unapproved indications, a...Continue Reading

Citations

Mar 22, 2014·Pediatric Emergency Care·Maryann Mazer-AmirshahiJesse M Pines
Oct 8, 2013·Pediatric Clinics of North America·Fermin BarruetoMaryann Mazer-Amirshahi
Sep 2, 2014·Drug and Alcohol Dependence·Olga A Vsevolozhskaya, James C Anthony
Jun 4, 2019·Journal of Medical Toxicology : Official Journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology·Mir M AliJared Diou-Cass
Oct 12, 2019·The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse·Vicki OsborneLinda B Cottler
Nov 30, 2018·Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy·Tessa ChengKora DeBeck
Sep 21, 2016·The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse·Erin R McKnightSteven C Matson
Dec 29, 2020·JAMA Pediatrics·Lilly ShanahanWilliam E Copeland
Mar 9, 2021·Substance Abuse : Official Publication of the Association for Medical Education and Research in Substance Abuse·Nicholas P DeputySarah Conklin
Nov 23, 2017·Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology·Caitlin J HandyAndrea E Bonny

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