Abstract
Our aim is to evaluate the clinical features and outcomes of children with primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors who develop extraneural metastasis (ENM). We retrospectively evaluated children diagnosed with primary CNS tumors treated at our institution between 1972 and 2004. Of 1,011 patients these tumors, 10 (0.98%) developed ENM. The histopathologic diagnosis was medulloblastoma in six patients, germ cell tumors in two patients, and ependymoma and atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (ATRT) in one patient each. In six patients, the primary tumor was located in the posterior fossa; it had a supratentorial location in the patient with ATRT, was located in the sellar and suprasellar region in the two patients with germ cell tumors, and was found in the distal spinal cord in the patient with an ependymoma. In two patients ENM was detected at the time of diagnosis. In other patients ENM developed between 9 and 25 months after diagnosis. Metastatic sites included bone, bone marrow, lung, cervical lymph nodes, liver, and paranasal sinuses. Of the 10 patients who developed ENM, 8 died of their disease 0.27-16.2 months (median, 2.60 months) after it was detected. One patient with dysgerminoma is alive, without disease, 117.80 month...Continue Reading
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