Eye alignment changes caused by sustained GDNF treatment of an extraocular muscle in infant non-human primates.

Scientific Reports
Jérome FleurietLinda K McLoon

Abstract

The ability of sustained treatment of a single extraocular muscle with glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) to produce a strabismus in infant non-human primates was tested. Six infant non-human primates received a pellet containing GDNF, releasing 2 µg/day for 90 days, on one medial rectus muscle. Eye alignment was assessed up to 6 months. Five of the six animals showed a slow decrease in eye misalignment from the significant exotropia present at birth, ending with approximately 10° of exotropia. Controls became orthotropic. Misalignment averaged 8° three months after treatment ended. After sustained GDNF treatment, few changes were seen in mean myofiber cross-sectional areas compared to age-matched naïve controls. Neuromuscular junction number was unaltered in the medial rectus muscles, but were significantly reduced in the untreated lateral recti. Neuromuscular junctions on slow fibers became multiply innervated after this sustained GDNF treatment. Pitx2-positive cells significantly decreased in treated and contralateral medial rectus muscles. Our study suggests that balanced GDNF signaling plays a role in normal development and maintenance of orthotropia. Sustained GDNF treatment of one medial rectus muscle res...Continue Reading

References

Nov 1, 1977·Journal of Neurophysiology·J A Movshon, M R Dürsteler
Oct 1, 1975·Journal of Experimental Child Psychology·A M Slater, J M Findlay
Nov 1, 1965·Journal of Neurophysiology·D H Hubel, T N Wiesel
May 1, 1980·The Journal of Comparative Neurology·S LeVayD H Hubel
Jan 1, 1996·Eye·R G Boothe, R J Brown
Mar 1, 2002·Muscle & Nerve·Linda K McLoon, Jonathan D Wirtschafter
Apr 19, 2002·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·Ronald J TusaRonald G Boothe
Apr 26, 2003·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Linda K McLoon, Jonathan Wirtschafter
Aug 27, 2003·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Linda K McLoon, Stephen P Christiansen
Nov 1, 1963·Journal of Neurophysiology·D H HUBEL, T N WIESEL
Oct 31, 2003·Journal of Neurophysiology·Vallabh E DasMichael J Mustari
Apr 27, 2004·Neuroreport·Thomas H GillingwaterRichard R Ribchester
Sep 29, 2004·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Jennifer Chen, Christopher S von Bartheld
Jan 5, 2005·American Journal of Ophthalmology·Eileen E BirchRain G Bosworth
Apr 13, 2005·Strabismus·Vallabh E DasRonald J Tusa
Jan 25, 2006·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Stephen P Christiansen, Linda K McLoon
May 26, 2006·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Brian C AndersonLinda K McLoon
Oct 31, 2006·Journal of AAPOS : the Official Publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus·Linda K McLoonStephen P Christiansen
Jan 29, 2008·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Michael RichardsLawrence Tychsen
Nov 1, 2008·Ophthalmology·UNKNOWN Pediatric Eye Disease Investigator GroupRichard Grey Weaver
Dec 17, 2009·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Tian LiChristopher S von Bartheld
Jun 12, 2010·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Stephen P ChristiansenLinda K McLoon
Dec 15, 2010·Archives of Ophthalmology·Burton J Kushner
Feb 1, 2011·Experimental Cell Research·Kristen M KallestadLinda K McLoon
Feb 1, 2011·Pflügers Archiv : European journal of physiology·Tian LiChristopher S von Bartheld
Nov 30, 2011·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Christy L WilloughbyLinda K McLoon
Jul 13, 2012·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Amy L AltickChristopher S von Bartheld
Aug 30, 2012·Journal of AAPOS : the Official Publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus·Christy L WilloughbyLinda K McLoon
Oct 12, 2013·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Mark M G WaltonMichael J Mustari
Nov 10, 2013·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Fatema Ghasia, Lawrence Tychsen
Jun 2, 2015·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Christy L WilloughbyLinda K McLoon
Jun 2, 2015·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Christy L WilloughbyLinda K McLoon
Oct 16, 2015·The Journal of Physiological Sciences : JPS·Kazue Mizumura, Toru Taguchi
Dec 17, 2015·Skeletal Muscle·Bradley PawlikowskiBradley B Olwin
Oct 22, 2016·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Andrea B AgarwalChristopher S von Bartheld
Nov 8, 2016·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Linda K McLoonMichael J Mustari
Nov 8, 2016·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Mythri PullelaVallabh E Das

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Apr 20, 2021·Journal of Binocular Vision and Ocular Motility·Jolene C RudellLinda K McLoon
Jul 23, 2021·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Jolene C Rudell, Linda K McLoon

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
fluorescence
confocal microscopy

Software Mentioned

Bioquant Life Science Image Analysis System
Graphpad

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.