Face recognition ability does not predict person identification performance: using individual data in the interpretation of group results

Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications
Eilidh NoyesAlice J O'Toole

Abstract

There are large individual differences in people's face recognition ability. These individual differences provide an opportunity to recruit the best face-recognisers into jobs that require accurate person identification, through the implementation of ability-screening tasks. To date, screening has focused exclusively on face recognition ability; however real-world identifications can involve the use of other person-recognition cues. Here we incorporate body and biological motion recognition as relevant skills for person identification. We test whether performance on a standardised face-matching task (the Glasgow Face Matching Test) predicts performance on three other identity-matching tasks, based on faces, bodies, and biological motion. We examine the results from group versus individual analyses. We found stark differences between the conclusions one would make from group analyses versus analyses that retain information about individual differences. Specifically, tests of correlation and analysis of variance suggested that face recognition ability was related to performance for all person identification tasks. These analyses were strikingly inconsistent with the individual differences data, which suggested that the screening ...Continue Reading

References

Feb 1, 1978·Perception & Psychophysics·C D BarclayL T Kozlowski
Jan 1, 1987·Perception·A W YoungD C Hay
May 1, 1993·The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology. A, Human Experimental Psychology·J W Tanaka, M J Farah
May 29, 2000·Trends in Cognitive Sciences·J V HaxbyM I Gobbini
Jun 22, 2000·Trends in Cognitive Sciences·T AllisonG McCarthy
Sep 21, 2000·Perception & Psychophysics·M Pavlova, A Sokolov
Sep 29, 2001·Science·P E DowningN Kanwisher
Jun 1, 2002·Trends in Cognitive Sciences·Daphne MaurerCatherine J. Mondloch
Sep 13, 2002·Journal of Experimental Child Psychology·Katja Seitz
Mar 4, 2003·Nature Reviews. Neuroscience·Martin A Giese, Tomaso Poggio
Jun 17, 2003·Psychological Science·Catherine L ReedJames Tanaka
Nov 15, 2003·Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience·Michael S BeauchampAlex Martin
Feb 6, 2004·Behavioural Neurology·Thomas Kress, Irene Daum
Apr 13, 2004·Nature Neuroscience·Kalanit Grill-SpectorNancy Kanwisher
Oct 7, 2004·Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance·Alissa JacobsMaggie Shiffrar
Feb 16, 2005·Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance·Fani LoulaMaggie Shiffrar
May 7, 2005·IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence·Alice J O'TooleHervé Abdi
Aug 3, 2005·Nature Reviews. Neuroscience·Andrew J Calder, Andrew W Young
Sep 2, 2005·Perception & Psychophysics·Nikolaus F TrojeMikhail Lavrov
Sep 30, 2005·The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience·James C ThompsonAina Puce
Apr 25, 2006·Current Biology : CB·Nikolaus F Troje, Cord Westhoff
Jun 27, 2006·Neuropsychologia·M Ida Gobbini, James V Haxby
Nov 23, 2006·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Nancy Kanwisher, Galit Yovel
Jul 24, 2007·Nature Reviews. Neuroscience·Marius V Peelen, Paul E Downing
Sep 4, 2007·Current Biology : CB·David PitcherBradley Duchaine
Jul 29, 2008·Human Brain Mapping·Christopher J FoxJason J S Barton
Mar 19, 2009·Psychonomic Bulletin & Review·Richard RussellKen Nakayama
Feb 18, 2010·Behavior Research Methods·A Mike BurtonAllan McNeill
Jun 3, 2010·Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance·Galit YovelIda Lubetzky
Feb 15, 2011·Experimental Brain Research·David PitcherBradley Duchaine
Feb 23, 2012·Journal of Personality and Social Psychology·Hillel AviezerAlexander Todorov
May 31, 2012·Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance·Rachel A Robbins, Max Coltheart
Dec 6, 2012·Neuropsychologia·Sharon Gilaie-DotanAyse P Saygin
Sep 27, 2013·Psychological Science·Allyson RiceAlice J O'Toole
Mar 11, 2015·British Journal of Psychology·Carina A HahnP Jonathon Phillips
May 24, 2015·Journal of Experimental Child Psychology·Rachel A Robbins, Max Coltheart
Sep 4, 2015·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·David WhiteAlice J O'Toole
Feb 18, 2016·The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology : QJEP·James W Tanaka, Diana Simonyi
Feb 27, 2016·PloS One·David J RobertsonA Mike Burton
Mar 17, 2016·Vision Research·Noa Simhi, Galit Yovel
Mar 28, 2016·Trends in Cognitive Sciences·Galit Yovel, Alice J O'Toole
Jun 28, 2016·Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior·Anna K BobakSarah Bate
Aug 5, 2016·Psychonomic Bulletin & Review·Jennifer MurphyRichard Cook
Oct 22, 2016·Psychological Science·Matthew Q HillAlice J O'Toole
Jun 16, 2017·Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior·Federica BiottiRichard Cook

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Mar 21, 2019·British Journal of Psychology·Meike RamonDavid White
Jul 17, 2018·Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications·Vicki BruceKaren Lander
Jun 11, 2021·The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology : QJEP·Sarah BateNatalie Mestry

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Software Mentioned

Adobe Photoshop
BioMo
Photoshop

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.