Facial corrections in male to female transsexuals: a preliminary report on 16 patients

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery : Official Journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
A G BeckingLouis J Gooren

Abstract

The need for facial corrective surgery to facilitate passing as a member of the other sex occurs in a relatively low percentage of male-to-female transsexuals. The aim of this study was to explore criteria and techniques for facial corrections in male-to-female transsexuals because little is known on objective measures for meaningful facial alterations in the female direction. In the period 1992 to 1994, 16 male-to-female transsexual patients were eligible for bony facial corrections. Several techniques were used to feminize the masculine appearance: mandibular angle reduction, genioplasty, bimaxillary osteotomy, and zygoma onlay and zygoma sandwich osteotomies. Subjectively good results were obtained. Improvement in quality of life was not objectively assessed. Facial corrective surgery seems to be promising in selected cases of male-to-female transsexualism. Further research is recommended on quantification of the differences in male and female faces for optimal indications and design of this type of surgery. The psychosocial aspects of the facial surgery and long-term stability of the surgical result also need to be further investigated.

References

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Citations

Dec 29, 2009·Journal of Cranio-maxillo-facial Surgery : Official Publication of the European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery·Rupert Dempf, Alexander W Eckert
Jan 29, 2011·The Laryngoscope·Jeffrey H Spiegel
May 25, 2016·Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery·Shane D MorrisonPaul S Cederna
Nov 5, 2019·Aesthetic Surgery Journal·Mark FisherJames P Bradley
Jan 25, 2019·The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery·Farah SayeghShane D Morrison
Sep 6, 2000·Clinical Otolaryngology and Allied Sciences·D PickuthS H Heywang-Köbrunner
Oct 12, 2000·The British Journal of Radiology·D PickuthS H Heywang-Köbrunner
Sep 5, 2020·Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery : Official Publication of the Association of Plastic Surgeons of India·Parag Shashank Telang
May 13, 2010·Quality of Life Research : an International Journal of Quality of Life Aspects of Treatment, Care and Rehabilitation·Tiffiny A Ainsworth, Jeffrey H Spiegel
Jul 14, 2019·The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery·Farah SayeghShane D Morrison
May 8, 2021·Archives of Craniofacial Surgery·Supasid Jirawatnotai, Papat Sriswadpong
Jun 17, 2021·Handchirurgie, Mikrochirurgie, plastische Chirurgie : Organ der Deutschsprachigen Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Handchirurgie : Organ der Deutschsprachigen Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Mikrochirurgie der Peripheren Nerven und Gefässe : Organ der Vereinigung der Deut·Anna Cäcilia Meier, Nikolaos Papadopulos
Aug 21, 2007·Clinics in Plastic Surgery·Alfred G BeckingLouis J G Gooren
Mar 26, 2010·Journal of Cranio-maxillo-facial Surgery : Official Publication of the European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery·Matthew K LeeJeffrey H Spiegel

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