Facial muscle activation during sleep and its relation to the rapid eye movements of REM sleep

Journal of Sleep Research
Ana Paula Rivera-GarcíaJosé María Calvo

Abstract

Facial muscle contractions (FMC) are a commonly observed feature during sleep stages in human subjects. Previous studies have associated FMC to emotional expression during waking. Phasic features of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, such as REMs have also been linked to an increase in limbic structure activity with a subsequent relation to emotional dream content. We hypothesized that FMC would be more frequent during REM sleep, and that FMC would correlate with the characteristic REMs of this sleep stage. The present study was designed to evaluate the density per minute of the phasic and sustained FMC of five facial muscles (frontalis, corrugator, orbicularis oculi, zygomatic major left and right) during all sleep stages, and to explore their relation with REMs density in six healthy participants during an 8 h sleep recording. Results showed a significant increase in FMC of all recorded muscles during REM sleep, both in frequency and duration. Additionally, as expected, during REM sleep there was a positive correlation among the facial muscles and between these and REMs. Nevertheless, although associated in number, both features (FMC and REMs) were never simultaneous. Our results suggest that limbic activation during REM sleep m...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 8, 2019·Journal of Sleep Research·Marion CléIsabelle Arnulf
Mar 27, 2012·Movement Disorders : Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society·Isabelle Arnulf
Jun 6, 2018·Journal of Sleep Research·Ana P Rivera-GarcíaAnabel Jiménez-Anguiano
Feb 20, 2021·Current Biology : CB·Karen R KonkolyKen A Paller
May 1, 2021·Journal of Sleep Research·Jean-Baptiste MaranciIsabelle Arnulf

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