Facile, controlled, room-temperature RAFT polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide

Biomacromolecules
Anthony J ConvertineCharles L McCormick

Abstract

Poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) is a thermoresponsive polymer that has been widely investigated for drug delivery. Herein, we report conditions facilitating the controlled, room-temperature RAFT polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM). The key to success is the appropriate choice of both a suitable RAFT chain transfer agent (CTA) and initiating species. We show that the use of 2-dodecylsulfanylthiocarbonylsulfanyl-2-methyl propionic acid, a trithiocarbonate RAFT CTA, in conjunction with the room-temperature azo initiator 2,2'-azobis(4-methoxy-2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile), in DMF, at 25 degrees C, yields conditions leading to NIPAM homopolymerizations which bear all of the characteristics of a controlled/"living" polymerization. We also demonstrate facile size exclusion chromatographic analysis of PNIPAM samples in DMF at 60 degrees C, directly on aliquots withdrawn during the polymerizations, which avoids the problems previously reported in the literature.

References

May 16, 2002·Bioconjugate Chemistry·Denis DubéFrançoise M Winnik
Mar 11, 2004·International Journal of Pharmaceutics·F EeckmanK Amighi

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Citations

Sep 20, 2008·Chemical Communications : Chem Comm·Jared Skey, Rachel K O'Reilly
Aug 13, 2010·Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry·Alan F TomineyArno Kraft
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