Factors affecting the rejection of organic solutes during NF/RO treatment--a literature review

Water Research
Christopher BellonaGary Amy

Abstract

The incomplete rejection of certain pesticides, disinfection by-products, endocrine disrupting compounds, and pharmaceutically active compounds has been reported during full- and pilot-scale high-pressure membrane applications. Since the removal of these compounds in water and wastewater treatment applications is of great importance where a high product water quality is desired, an understanding of the factors affecting the permeation of solutes in high-pressure membrane systems is needed. In this paper, findings of a comprehensive literature review are reported, targeting membrane rejection mechanisms and factors affecting rejection. The following key solute parameters were identified to primarily affect solute rejection: molecular weight (MW), molecular size (length and width), acid disassociation constant (pKa), hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity (log Kow), and diffusion coefficient (Dp). Key membrane properties affecting rejection that were identified include molecular weight cut-off, pore size, surface charge (measured as zeta potential), hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity (measured as contact angle), and surface morphology (measured as roughness). In addition, feed water composition, such as pH, ionic strength, hardness, and the pr...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 26, 2014·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Ivana Ivančev-Tumbas
Feb 2, 2013·Iranian Journal of Environmental Health Science & Engineering·Mitra GholamiFateme Gatei
May 15, 2009·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Clemencia RodriguezPhilip Weinstein
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Dec 7, 2011·The Science of the Total Environment·Xiaohui Jin, Sigrid Peldszus

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