Factors Associated with Incarceration in Older Adults Experiencing Homelessness: Results from the HOPE HOME Study.

Journal of General Internal Medicine
Ilana Garcia-GrossmanMargot B Kushel

Abstract

In the US, the median age of adults experiencing homelessness and incarceration is increasing. Little is known about risk factors for incarceration among older adults experiencing homelessness. To develop targeted interventions, there is a need to understand their risk factors for incarceration. To examine the prevalence and risk factors associated with incarceration in a cohort of older adults experiencing homelessness. Prospective, longitudinal cohort study with interviews every 6 months for a median of 5.8 years. We recruited adults ≥50 years old and homeless at baseline (n=433) via population-based sampling. Our dependent variable was incident incarceration, defined as one night in jail or prison per 6-month follow-up period after study enrollment. Independent variables included socioeconomic status, social, health, housing, and prior criminal justice involvement. Participants had a median age of 58 years and were predominantly men (75%) and Black (80%). Seventy percent had at least one chronic medical condition, 12% reported heavy drinking, and 38% endorsed moderate-severe use of cocaine, 8% of amphetamines, and 7% of opioids. At baseline, 84% reported a lifetime history of jail stays; 37% reported prior prison stays. Duri...Continue Reading

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