Factors Associated with the Rapid and Durable Decline in Malaria Incidence in El Salvador, 1980-2017

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Robert A BurtonCarlos C Kent Campbell

Abstract

A decade after the Global Malaria Eradication Program, El Salvador had the highest burden of malaria in Mesoamerica, with approximately 20% due to Plasmodium falciparum. A resurgence of malaria in the 1970s led El Salvador to alter its national malaria control strategy. By 1995, El Salvador recorded its last autochthonous P. falciparum case with fewer than 20 Plasmodium vivax cases annually since 2011. By contrast, its immediate neighbors continue to have the highest incidences of malaria in the region. We reviewed and evaluated the policies and interventions implemented by the Salvadoran National Malaria Program that likely contributed to this progress toward malaria elimination. Decentralization of the malaria program, early regional stratification by risk, and data-driven stratum-specific actions resulted in the timely and targeted allocation of resources for vector control, surveillance, case detection, and treatment. Weekly reporting by health workers and volunteer collaborators-distributed throughout the country by strata and informed via the national surveillance system-enabled local malaria teams to provide rapid, adaptive, and focalized program actions. Sustained investments in surveillance and response have led to a d...Continue Reading

References

May 1, 1978·The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·R A CedillosG M Jeffery
Jun 26, 2007·British Dental Journal·Caroline Holland
Jan 11, 2012·Malaria Journal·Thinley YangzomVas Dev
May 15, 2015·PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases·Sócrates HerreraMyriam Arévalo-Herrera

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Citations

Apr 29, 2020·Parasitology·Luis Fernando ChavesRodrigo Marín Rodríguez
Jun 13, 2018·The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·Adam Bennett, Jennifer L Smith
Mar 8, 2021·Malaria Journal·Nicholas J AriscoMarcia C Castro

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