Factors influencing the development of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in patients on BRAF inhibitor therapy

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
Rachael M AnforthPablo Fernandez-Peñas

Abstract

BRAF inhibitors (BRAFi) cause paradoxical activation of the MAPK pathway in keratinocytes resulting in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cuSCC). We sought to examine the clinical factors involved in BRAFi-induced cuSCC development. We studied 134 patients with BRAF-mutant metastatic melanoma treated with a BRAFi at Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia. Details of cuSCC development and associations with melanoma clinicopathologic features and treatment outcome were examined. In all, 32 (24%) patients developed 110 cuSCC after commencing treatment. In all, 61 (55%) cuSCC developed within the first 3 months. Age was the only independent risk factor for cuSCC development. After 3 months of therapy 4% of patients younger than 40 years developed cuSCC compared with 33% who were older than 60 years, and the hazard ratio of developing a cuSCC increased by 1.7 (95% confidence interval 1.3-2.3) per decade (P < .001). BRAFi cuSCC occurred more often in sun-protected areas (42%) compared with sporadic cuSCC (21%) (P < .001). cuSCC was not associated with progression-free survival. The study was from a single center and patients were also at risk of sporadic cuSCC. Most BRAFi-induced cuSCC develop within 3 months of BRAFi therapy. The only...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 29, 2016·Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology·Mark R Wick, Alejandro A Gru
Sep 20, 2016·Actas dermo-sifiliográficas·S J E HwangP Fernandez-Peñas
Oct 22, 2016·Current Treatment Options in Oncology·Marta PolkowskaMałgorzata Kozłowska-Wojciechowska
Jan 31, 2017·The American Journal of Dermatopathology·Jonathan J LeeMai P Hoang
Feb 26, 2019·Melanoma Research·Susanne KimeswengerChristian Jantschitsch
Nov 27, 2019·Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology·Athanasia VarvaresouSpyros Papageorgiou
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Sep 8, 2018·Melanoma Management·Rose Congwei LiuPablo Fernández-Peñas
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Jul 20, 2020·Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology·Christina L BoullIrene Lara-Corrales
Apr 26, 2020·Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology·Alana DeutschBeth N McLellan

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