'Fair benefits' accounts of exploitation require a normative principle of fairness: response to Gbadegesin and Wendler, and Emanuel et al

Bioethics
Angela Ballantyne

Abstract

In 2004 Emanuel et al. published an influential account of exploitation in international research, which has become known as the 'fair benefits account'. In this paper I argue that the thin definition of fairness presented by Emanuel et al, and subsequently endorsed by Gbadegesin and Wendler, does not provide a notion of fairness that is adequately robust to support a fair benefits account of exploitation. The authors present a procedural notion of fairness--the fair distribution of the benefits of research is to be determined on a case-by-case basis by the parties involved in each study. The fairness of the distribution of benefits is not assessed against an independent normative standard. Emanuel et al.'s account of fairness provides a framework for objecting only to transactions that occur without the fully informed consent of the weaker party. As a result, a debate about exploitation collapses into a debate about consent. This is problematic because, as the proponents of the fair benefits framework acknowledge, neither the trial participants' consent nor the host community's consent preclude exploitation. Attempts to stipulate normative standards of fairness to protect research subjects in developing countries have been con...Continue Reading

References

Jan 1, 1994·European Journal of Health Law·Johan Legemaate
Aug 4, 2004·CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association Journal = Journal De L'Association Medicale Canadienne·Robert H Gilman, Hector H Garcia
Apr 1, 2005·The Hastings Center Report·Alex John London
Apr 20, 2005·Journal international de bioéthique = International journal of bioethics·UNKNOWN World Medical Association General Assembly
Nov 15, 2006·Bioethics·Segun Gbadegesin, David Wendler
Jun 21, 2007·International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care·Barry PortnoyEmily DeVoto

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jun 9, 2010·The American Journal of Bioethics : AJOB·Angela J Ballantyne
Jun 9, 2010·The American Journal of Bioethics : AJOB·Angela J Ballantyne
Jan 19, 2012·Philosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine : PEHM·Geoffrey M LairumbiMichael C English
Jan 31, 2016·Journal of Bioethical Inquiry·Bege DaudaKris Dierickx
Mar 27, 2012·Sociology of Health & Illness·Erica HaimesIlke Turkmendag
Aug 1, 2015·The Journal of Medicine and Philosophy·David Wendler, Seema Shah
Apr 28, 2016·BMC Medical Ethics·Rosemarie D L C BernabeJohannes J M van Delden
Mar 5, 2020·Journal of Bioethical Inquiry·Jessica PaceWendy Lipworth
Feb 28, 2009·The Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics : a Journal of the American Society of Law, Medicine & Ethics·Carl H Coleman
Jan 14, 2017·Global Public Health·Karen MorrisonMartin Forde

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.