Familial risk of autism alters subcortical and cerebellar brain anatomy in infants and predicts the emergence of repetitive behaviors in early childhood

Autism Research : Official Journal of the International Society for Autism Research
Inês PoteBASIS Team

Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a common neurodevelopmental condition, and infant siblings of children with ASD are at a higher risk of developing autistic traits or an ASD diagnosis, when compared to those with typically developing siblings. Reports of differences in brain anatomy and function in high-risk infants which predict later autistic behaviors are emerging, but although cerebellar and subcortical brain regions have been frequently implicated in ASD, no high-risk study has examined these regions. Therefore, in this study, we compared regional MRI volumes across the whole brain in 4-6-month-old infants with (high-risk, n = 24) and without (low-risk, n = 26) a sibling with ASD. Within the high-risk group, we also examined whether any regional differences observed were associated with autistic behaviors at 36 months. We found that high-risk infants had significantly larger cerebellar and subcortical volumes at 4-6-months of age, relative to low-risk infants; and that larger volumes in high-risk infants were linked to more repetitive behaviors at 36 months. Our preliminary observations require replication in longitudinal studies of larger samples. If correct, they suggest that the early subcortex and cerebellum volumes m...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 10, 2019·Current Opinion in Psychiatry·Douglas C DeanJanet Lainhart
May 1, 2020·Neuropsychopharmacology : Official Publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology·Wenjing ZhangFabiano G Nery
Aug 26, 2020·Biological Psychiatry : Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging·Istvan Molnar-SzakacsLucina Q Uddin
Nov 25, 2019·Neuroimaging Clinics of North America·Jessica B Girault, Joseph Piven
Mar 30, 2021·Neuroscience Bulletin·Xiaoyi LiHong Zhang
Mar 31, 2021·European Neuropsychopharmacology : the Journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology·C M Díaz-CanejaC Arango

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Software Mentioned

PROCESS
SPSS
Autistica
Statistical Parametric Mapping software SPM8
EU
EFPIA
ITK
AUTISM SPEAKS
SNAP

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