Abstract
Fat necrosis is a subjective early as well as delayed complication, which sometimes mimics local recurrence and ruins the quality of life by pain and poor cosmetic result. While, the frequency and severity of fat necrosis are important issues that breast surgeons should explain to the patient, these data are not revealed well. A total of 1476 patients who underwent breast surgery from January 2000 to December 2012 were enrolled in the present study. We assessed fat necrosis by mammographic and physical findings and created grading criteria: Grade (G) 0, no fat necrosis; G1, no symptomatic fat necrosis (mammographic dystrophic calcification); G2, mild symptomatic necrosis (mammographic dystrophic necrosis with tumor); G3, severe symptomatic necrosis (mammographic dystrophic necrosis with pain or skin change); and G4, symptomatic necrosis requiring surgical intervention. Of the 1476 patients enrolled, 393 (27%) underwent mastectomy, and 1083 (73%) underwent breast-conserving surgery. We achieved a high rate of breast-conserving surgery at a total rate of 73% over the study period and maximum rate of 88% in 2010, using oncoplastic procedures. We mainly adopted a pedicled fat flap (417/1083; 39%) and a free dermal fat flap (40/1083...Continue Reading
References
Aug 1, 1983·Cancer·D ClarkeD Goffinet
Mar 21, 2000·Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery·S L Spear, C Onyewu
Aug 28, 2002·Breast Cancer : the Journal of the Japanese Breast Cancer Society·Seigo NakamuraKoyu Suzuki
Oct 16, 2002·Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology·Bernard FisherUNKNOWN National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project
Dec 17, 2004·Journal of the National Cancer Institute·Bernard FisherNorman Wolmark
Jan 20, 2005·Breast Cancer : the Journal of the Japanese Breast Cancer Society·Motohiro TakedaNoriaki Ohuchi
Oct 21, 2005·The New England Journal of Medicine·Edward H RomondNorman Wolmark
Dec 20, 2005·Lancet·M ClarkeUNKNOWN Early Breast Cancer Trialists' Collaborative Group (EBCTCG)
Aug 25, 2006·Breast Cancer : the Journal of the Japanese Breast Cancer Society·Takayuki NoseTakashi Yamashita
Sep 9, 2006·The Breast Journal·Riccardo MasettiFederica Chiesa
May 26, 2007·International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics·Katalin LöveyCsaba Polgár
Jan 19, 2008·Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology·Lawrence J SolinMitchell D Schnall
Apr 8, 2009·Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology·Stewart J AndersonNorman Wolmark
Apr 24, 2009·Breast Cancer : the Journal of the Japanese Breast Cancer Society·Masakuni Noguchi, Masashi Inokuchi
Oct 23, 2009·Annals of Surgical Oncology·Michelle AzuMonica Morrow
Jun 29, 2011·Breast Cancer : the Journal of the Japanese Breast Cancer Society·Tomoko OgawaYumi Kashikura
Sep 29, 2011·Health Technology Assessment : HTA·C RobertsonF J Gilbert
Jan 28, 2012·Radiotherapy and Oncology : Journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology·Ashwini BudrukkarRajiv Sarin
Jul 6, 2012·The New England Journal of Medicine·Monica MorrowStuart J Schnitt
Oct 18, 2012·Breast Cancer : the Journal of the Japanese Breast Cancer Society·Marc D PirothMichael J Eble
Jun 26, 2013·Breast Cancer Research and Treatment·Andrea L Russo, Alphonse G Taghian
Nov 9, 2016·European Journal of Surgical Oncology : the Journal of the European Society of Surgical Oncology and the British Association of Surgical Oncology·C CriscitielloM Golshan
Citations
Jun 4, 2020·European Journal of Ophthalmology·Alicia Galindo-FerreiroMohammad Javed Ali
Jul 26, 2019·Annals of Surgical Oncology·Krishnabhai PatelAbhishek Chatterjee
Mar 27, 2020·World Journal of Surgical Oncology·Hongki GwakYoung-Jin Suh
Mar 9, 2019·Breast Cancer : the Journal of the Japanese Breast Cancer Society·Hiroshi NakagomiKoichi Kobayashi
Oct 8, 2020·Current Treatment Options in Oncology·Isis ScomacaoGraham Schwarz
Jan 23, 2021·Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery : JPRAS·Shalaka JoshiR A Badwe
Feb 18, 2021·BMC Cancer·Jeeyeon LeeJin Hyang Jung
Apr 21, 2021·Insights Into Imaging·Mary S GuirguisElsa Arribas
Apr 27, 2021·Curēus·Sherif Monib, Mohamed I Abdelaziz
May 8, 2021·Aesthetic Plastic Surgery·Meishu ZhuGuang Yang
Oct 30, 2021·The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews·Akriti NandaPankaj G Roy