Fear-potentiated startle processing in humans: Parallel fMRI and orbicularis EMG assessment during cue conditioning and extinction

International Journal of Psychophysiology : Official Journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology
Katja LindnerJulia Wendt

Abstract

Studying neural networks and behavioral indices such as potentiated startle responses during fear conditioning has a long tradition in both animal and human research. However, most of the studies in humans do not link startle potentiation and neural activity during fear acquisition and extinction. Therefore, we examined startle blink responses measured with electromyography (EMG) and brain activity measured with functional MRI simultaneously during differential conditioning. Furthermore, we combined these behavioral fear indices with brain network activity by analyzing the brain activity evoked by the startle probe stimulus presented during conditioned visual threat and safety cues as well as in the absence of visual stimulation. In line with previous research, we found a fear-induced potentiation of the startle blink responses when elicited during a conditioned threat stimulus and a rapid decline of amygdala activity after an initial differentiation of threat and safety cues in early acquisition trials. Increased activation during processing of threat cues was also found in the anterior insula, the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and the periaqueductal gray (PAG). More importantly, our results depict an increase of brain acti...Continue Reading

References

Jan 1, 1969·Journal of Neurosurgery·B S NasholdD G Slaughter
Mar 1, 1994·Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry·M M Bradley, P J Lang
Nov 26, 1993·Neuroscience Letters·M A MorganJ E LeDoux
Nov 1, 1996·Psychophysiology·A O Hamm, D Vaitl
May 22, 1997·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·J S MorrisR J Dolan
Jun 27, 1998·Progress in Neurobiology·A J McDonald
Dec 23, 1998·Biological Psychiatry·P J LangB N Cuthbert
Feb 7, 2001·Current Opinion in Neurobiology·C Büchel, R J Dolan
Nov 8, 2002·Nature·Mohammed R Milad, Gregory J Quirk
Jan 23, 2003·Brain : a Journal of Neurology·Alfons O HammChristof Kessler
Jan 20, 2004·Nature Neuroscience·Hugo D CritchleyRaymond J Dolan
Sep 15, 2004·Neuron·Elizabeth A PhelpsJoseph E LeDoux
Oct 22, 2004·Nature Reviews. Neuroscience·Stephen Maren, Gregory J Quirk
Nov 13, 2004·Cognitive, Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience·David C KnightFred J Helmstetter
Nov 24, 2004·Trends in Cognitive Sciences·Matthew M BotvinickCameron S Carter
Feb 22, 2005·Psychophysiology·Terry D BlumenthalAnton van Boxtel
Jun 7, 2005·International Journal of Psychophysiology : Official Journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology·Alfons O Hamm, Almut I Weike
Sep 6, 2005·Biological Psychiatry·Thomas StraubeWolfgang H R Miltner
May 23, 2006·Biological Psychiatry·Gregory J QuirkFrancisco González-Lima
Jun 20, 2006·Biological Psychiatry·Martin P Paulus, Murray B Stein
Jan 24, 2007·Psychophysiology·Almut I WeikeAlfons O Hamm
Aug 21, 2007·Biological Psychiatry·Mohammed R MiladScott L Rauch
Jan 14, 2009·Neuroinformatics·Jan Gläscher
Jun 12, 2009·PloS One·Christina SehlmeyerCarsten Konrad
Oct 2, 2009·The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience·Dean MobbsChristopher D Frith
Aug 10, 2010·Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience·Katharina TabbertRudolf Stark
Dec 21, 2010·Trends in Cognitive Sciences·Amit EtkinRaffael Kalisch
Dec 27, 2011·NeuroImage·Clas LinnmanDavid Borsook

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jun 23, 2015·Psychophysiology·Julia WendtAlfons O Hamm
Jan 10, 2016·Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience·Manuel KuhnTina B Lonsdorf
Aug 20, 2016·Brain Structure & Function·Clémentine FillingerPierre Veinante
Oct 19, 2016·Psychophysiology·Saurabh KhemkaDominik R Bach
Jun 5, 2019·Acta Paediatrica·G AlfvenE Andersson
Apr 7, 2020·European Journal of Neurology : the Official Journal of the European Federation of Neurological Societies·J Marín-LahozJ Kulisevsky
Mar 25, 2017·Frontiers in Neuroanatomy·Anand VenkatramanMary Helen Immordino-Yang
Dec 7, 2017·Brain Structure & Function·Clémentine FillingerPierre Veinante
Sep 30, 2018·Scientific Reports·Michelle I C de HaanMerel Kindt
Mar 23, 2019·Frontiers in Psychiatry·Jennifer L StewartJerzy Bodurka
Jun 21, 2020·International Journal of Psychophysiology : Official Journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology·Marta AndreattaPaul Pauli
May 28, 2019·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·E R VelascoR Andero
Jun 17, 2021·Scientific Reports·Andrea ZonninoFabrizio Sergi
Jul 26, 2021·Journal of Psychiatric Research·Elizabeth R SteuberJennifer S Stevens

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Amygdala: Sensory Processes

Amygdalae, nuclei clusters located in the temporal lobe of the brain, play a role in memory, emotional responses, and decision-making. Here is the latest research on sensory processes in the amygdala.

Amygdala and Midbrain Dopamine

The midbrain dopamine system is widely studied for its involvement in emotional and motivational behavior. Some of these neurons receive information from the amygdala and project throughout the cortex. When the circuit and transmission of dopamine is disrupted symptoms may present. Here is the latest research on the amygdala and midbrain dopamine.

Aphasia

Aphasia affects the ability to process language, including formulation and comprehension of language and speech, as well as the ability to read or write. Here is the latest research on aphasia.

Cajal Bodies & Gems

Cajal bodies or coiled bodies are dense foci of coilin protein. Gemini of Cajal bodies, or gems, are microscopically similar to Cajal bodies. It is believed that Cajal bodies play important roles in RNA processing while gems assist the Cajal bodies. Find the latest research on Cajal bodies and gems here.

Brain Imaging of Neural Circuits

Neural circuits are groups of interconnected neurons which carry out specific functions when activated. Imaging these neural circuits allows researches to further elucidate their mechanisms and functions. Follow this feed to stay up to date on brain imaging of neural circuits.

Brain Imaging of Neural Circuits (MDS)

Neural circuits are groups of interconnected neurons which carry out specific functions when activated. Imaging these neural circuits allows researches to further elucidate their mechanisms and functions. Follow this feed to stay up to date on brain imaging of neural circuits.