PMID: 9526686Apr 4, 1998Paper

Fear-potentiated startle responses in temperamentally different human infants

Developmental Psychobiology
L A Schmidt, N A Fox

Abstract

Previous research has indicated that 4-month-old human infants who exhibit high degrees of motor activity and negative affect in response to the presentation of unfamiliar auditory and visual stimuli are likely to display behavioral inhibition as toddlers, while 4-month-old infants who display high degrees of motor activity and positive affect in response to the same stimuli are likely to be behaviorally exuberant toddlers. The present study examined baseline and fear-potentiated startle eyeblink responses during a stranger-approach paradigm at age 9 months in a group of infants, some of whom displayed high motor activity and negative affect and some of whom displayed high motor activity and positive affect at 4 months. The analyses revealed that the high motor/high negative group of infants exhibited a significantly greater increase in fear-potentiated startle amplitude at 9 months compared with the high motor/high positive group. There were no differences among groups of infants on baseline startle responses. These findings suggest that the origins of behavioral inhibition in early childhood may be linked to a low threshold for arousal in forebrain limbic areas.

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Citations

Oct 25, 2011·Development and Psychopathology·Kristin A BussElizabeth J Kiel
Oct 18, 2011·Journal of Personality Assessment·Jiyon KimC Emily Durbin
Mar 18, 2003·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·C H SalmondF Vargha-Khadem
Jul 30, 2014·Neuropsychopharmacology : Official Publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology·Heather A HendersonNathan A Fox
May 21, 2009·Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry·Bethany C Reeb-SutherlandNathan A Fox
Jul 25, 2009·Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry·Andrea Chronis-TuscanoNathan A Fox
Jan 12, 2008·Journal of Psychiatric Research·Hamid A AlhajR Hamish McAllister-Williams
Feb 10, 2007·International Journal of Psychophysiology : Official Journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology·John P KlineWilliam C Williams
Apr 20, 2005·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·Nathan A Fox
Feb 18, 2010·Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines·Kathryn A DegnanNathan A Fox
Dec 23, 2009·Developmental Psychobiology·Karina QuevedoMegan Gunnar
Jan 24, 2013·Developmental Psychobiology·Tyson V BarkerNathan A Fox
Sep 15, 2005·International Journal of Psychophysiology : Official Journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology·Miquel-Angel FullanaRafael Torrubia
Aug 23, 2011·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·Vladimir Miskovic, Louis A Schmidt
Apr 17, 2008·Depression and Anxiety·Dina R Hirshfeld-BeckerJerrold Rosenbaum
Jan 13, 2006·Bipolar Disorders·Brendan A RichEllen Leibenluft
Jul 9, 2008·Development and Psychopathology·Dante Cicchetti, Megan R Gunnar

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