Feasibility Study Shows Multicenter, Observational Case-Control Study Is Practicable to Determine Risk of Secondary Breast Cancer in Females With Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma Given Radioiodine Therapy in Their Childhood or Adolescence; Findings Also Suggest Possible Fertility Impairment in Such Patients.

Frontiers in Endocrinology
Valentina DrozdChristoph Reiners

Abstract

Objective: This single-center, observational case-control feasibility study sought to test key elements of a protocol for an eventual long-term international observational case-control study of a larger patient cohort, to evaluate the risk of breast cancer as a second primary malignancy in females with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) given radioiodine therapy (RAI) during childhood or adolescence. Patients: Females developing DTC after the Chernobyl accident in Belarus and ≤19 years old at the time of thyroid surgery were enrolled: patients given RAI (n = 111) and controls of similar age not given RAI (n = 90). Results: One case of breast cancer was newly diagnosed among the RAI patients, but none in controls. Patients given RAI significantly less frequently needed 2nd surgeries than did controls (23%, 26/111 vs. 39%, 35/90, P < 0.05); the main indication for such procedures usually is suspicion of local recurrence. RAI patients appeared to have had more frequent reproductive difficulties than did controls: 78% (87/111) of the former vs. 93% (84/90) of the latter had a history of pregnancy (P < 0.01), and the mean number of pregnancies was 1.5 ± 1.2 in RAI patients vs. 1.9±1.1 in controls (P < 0.05). Most notably, infertili...Continue Reading

References

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