Feedforward contraction of transversus abdominis is not influenced by the direction of arm movement

Experimental Brain Research
Paul W Hodges, C A Richardson

Abstract

Because the structure of the spine is inherently unstable, muscle activation is essential for the maintenance of trunk posture and intervertebral control when the limbs are moved. To investigate how the central nervous system deals with this situation the temporal components of the response of the muscles of the trunk were evaluated during rapid limb movement performed in response to a visual stimulus. Fine-wire electromyography (EMG) electrodes were inserted into transversus abdominis (TrA), obliquus internus abdominis (OI) and obliquus externus abdominis (OE) of 15 subjects under the guidance of real-time ultrasound imaging. Surface electrodes were placed over rectus abdominis (RA), lumbar multifidus (MF) and the three parts of deltoid. In a standing position, ten repetitions of shoulder flexion, abduction and extension were performed by the subjects as fast as possible in response to a visual stimulus. The onset of TrA EMG occurred in advance of deltoid irrespective of the movement direction. The time to onset of EMG activity of OI, OE, RA and MF varied with the movement direction, being activated earliest when the prime action of the muscle opposed the reactive forces associated with the specific limb movement. It is postul...Continue Reading

Citations

Jan 3, 2001·Neurourology and Urodynamics·R R SapsfordG A Jull
Dec 2, 2006·International Urogynecology Journal and Pelvic Floor Dysfunction·Michelle D SmithPaul W Hodges
Sep 5, 2009·International Urogynecology Journal·Baerbel JungingerPaul W Hodges
Sep 30, 2005·Experimental Brain Research·Catharina S M BexanderPaul W Hodges
May 4, 2007·Experimental Brain Research·Henry Tsao, Paul W Hodges
Oct 25, 2007·Experimental Brain Research·A E Martin Eriksson Crommert, Alf Thorstensson
Apr 30, 2008·Experimental Brain Research·Mark G CarpenterAndrew G Cresswell
Jun 3, 2009·Experimental Brain Research·A E Martin Eriksson Crommert, Alf Thorstensson
Dec 20, 2011·Experimental Brain Research·Catharina S M Bexander, Paul W Hodges
Feb 9, 2012·Experimental Brain Research·Hugo Massé-AlarieCyril Schneider
Jun 9, 2005·European Spine Journal : Official Publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society·Donna M Urquhart, Paul W Hodges
Jan 20, 2006·European Spine Journal : Official Publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society·Monica Millisdotter, Björn Strömqvist
Aug 10, 2006·European Spine Journal : Official Publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society·Veerle K StevensLieven A Danneels
Jan 5, 2007·European Spine Journal : Official Publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society·Andrew M BriggsPaul W Hodges
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Feb 5, 2010·Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism = Physiologie Appliquée, Nutrition Et Métabolisme·David G BehmPatrick M Cowley

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