Feeding modalities and the onset of the neonatal abstinence syndrome

Frontiers in Pediatrics
Anthony LiuRalph Nanan

Abstract

Breast milk has been reported to ameliorate the severity and outcome of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS). The mechanism of this beneficial effect of breast milk on NAS remains unclear, as the negligible amount of methadone transmitted via breast milk is unlikely to have an impact on NAS. The aim of this study was to compare the impact of different feeding modalities on the onset of NAS. A retrospective medical record review was conducted on 194 methadone-maintained mother/infant dyads. Infants were categorized on the first 2 days of life as predominantly breastfed, fed expressed human breast milk (EBM), or formula fed. The feeding categories were then analyzed using the onset of NAS as the outcome measure. After adjusting for confounders, there was no significant effect of the modality of feeding on the rates of NAS requiring treatment (p = 0.11). Breastfeeding significantly delayed the onset of NAS (p = 0.04). The act of breastfeeding in the first 2 days of life had no effect on whether an infant required treatment for NAS when compared to those fed EBM or formula. This only suggests that the advantages of breastfeeding on NAS cannot be substantiated in a small cohort and should not discourage breastfeeding.

References

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Jul 14, 2010·The Australian & New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology·Anthony J W LiuRalph Nanan

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Citations

Jul 10, 2016·Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Neonatal Nursing : JOGNN·Lisa M Cleveland
May 11, 2017·Pharmacotherapy·Amy P HolmesEliana N Kurzum
Oct 31, 2015·Journal of Human Lactation : Official Journal of International Lactation Consultant Association·Elisha M WachmanBarbara L Philipp
Jun 5, 2016·American Journal of Health-system Pharmacy : AJHP : Official Journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists·Philip O Anderson
Feb 14, 2018·Neonatal Network : NN·Denise J MaguireLeah Clark
Aug 27, 2016·Advances in Neonatal Care : Official Journal of the National Association of Neonatal Nurses·Cheryl Cirillo, Kim Francis
May 10, 2018·Primary Health Care Research & Development·Jodie Murphy-Oikonen, Karen McQueen
Aug 29, 2020·Advances in Neonatal Care : Official Journal of the National Association of Neonatal Nurses·Kailey Taylor, Denise Maguire
Dec 22, 2020·The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews·Adrienne PahlRoger Soll
Jul 19, 2016·Substance Abuse : Research and Treatment·Lisa E GravesSucheta Sinha

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
pharmacotherapy
cesarean section
Cesarean

Software Mentioned

SPSS

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