Female Genital Mutilation in Rural Regions of Iraqi Kurdistan: A Cross-Sectional Study

Public Health Reports
Deldar Morad AbdulahAngela Dawson

Abstract

Although female genital mutilation (FGM) is illegal in Iraqi Kurdistan, FGM continues to be performed frequently in Muslim communities in the region. The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the prevalence of FGM among females living in rural areas of Iraqi Kurdistan; (2) assess the attitudes toward FGM of mothers, village community leaders, and religious leaders; and (3) compare the prevalence of FGM by maternal education. In a cross-sectional, double-randomized study of rural areas in Iraqi Kurdistan, we used a semi-structured questionnaire to interview 1657 mothers of 5048 daughters, 192 mullahs (religious leaders), and 386 mokhtars (community leaders). We examined data on maternal education level, daughters' ages, whether daughters had experienced FGM, and attitudes about FGM. A total of 2361 of 5048 (46.8%) daughters had experienced FGM. Of 1643 mothers, 565 (34.4%) supported FGM for their daughters in the future, although 825 of 1652 (49.9%) mothers were aware that it was illegal. Eighty-six of 192 (44.8%) mullahs and 339 of 382 (88.7%) mokhtars supported abandoning the practice of FGM. Support for FGM was significantly higher among uneducated mothers than among educated mothers (prevalence ratio [PR] = 1.45; 95...Continue Reading

References

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Jun 7, 2006·Lancet·UNKNOWN WHO study group on female genital mutilation and obstetric outcomeMohamed Ali
Dec 10, 2008·Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynaecology·I Utz-Billing, H Kentenich
Dec 17, 2008·The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry·Alexander M PonizovskyAlexander Grinshpoon
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May 3, 2016·Clinical Spine Surgery : a Spine Publication·Chotetawan TanavaleeWeerasak Singhatanadgige

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