Female smokers have the highest alcohol craving in a residential alcoholism treatment cohort

Drug and Alcohol Dependence
Mario J HitschfeldMark A Frye

Abstract

Cigarette smoking among female and male alcoholics has not been extensively studied as a factor related to intensity of alcohol craving during residential treatment and corresponding sobriety length. This retrospective cohort study assessed self-reported sobriety outcomes in patients with alcohol dependence at 3-month intervals over 12 months after completion of a 30-day residential treatment program. Demographic and clinical variables were collected including smoking status, alcohol craving utilizing the Penn Alcohol Craving Scale (PACS), and alcohol relapse. Statistical analyses included Chi-square, ANOVA, Tukey's test, Kaplan-Meier plots and Cox proportional hazards models as appropriate. Of the 761 alcohol-dependent study subjects, 355 (47%) were current smokers. Alcohol craving intensity was higher in smoking females compared to nonsmoking females (p=0.0096), smoking males (p<0.0001), and nonsmoking males (p<0.0001). Smoking status-by-sex interaction was not associated with post-treatment relapse. After controlling for other variables, higher PACS scores at admission were associated with higher probability of relapse (p=0.0003). In this study, female alcoholic smokers experienced the highest level of alcohol craving in an ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 21, 2016·Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research·Mark A FryeJohn D Port
Aug 18, 2016·The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse·Sarah J CrossFrances M Leslie
Apr 11, 2017·Neuropsychopharmacology : Official Publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology·Giovanni C SantoroStephen L Dewey
Nov 28, 2017·Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse·Bridgette J Peteet
Feb 11, 2018·The American Journal of Occupational Therapy : Official Publication of the American Occupational Therapy Association·Alison LeppardJane A Davis
Sep 28, 2018·Canadian Journal of Psychiatry. Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie·Jillian E HalladayKatholiki Georgiades
Feb 6, 2020·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Andreea C BrabeteJulie Stinson
Sep 24, 2020·Journal of Clinical Medicine·Olga Hernández-SerranoJosé Gutiérrez-Maldonado
Jun 28, 2020·International Journal of Psychophysiology : Official Journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology·Raoul DieterichTanja Endrass
Apr 26, 2021·Psychopharmacology·Samantha G MaloneMichael T Bardo
Aug 8, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Marta Marszalek-GrabskaJolanta H Kotlinska

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