Fermentation and Sulfur Reduction in the Mat-Building Cyanobacterium Microcoleus chthonoplastes.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology
R MoezelaarL J Stal

Abstract

The mat-building cyanobacterium Microcoleus chthonoplastes carried out a mixed-acid fermentation when incubated under anoxic conditions in the dark. Endogenous storage carbohydrate was fermented to acetate, ethanol, formate, lactate, H(inf2), and CO(inf2). Cells with a low glycogen content (about 0.3 (mu)mol of glucose per mg of protein) produced acetate and ethanol in equimolar amounts. In addition to glycogen, part of the osmoprotectant, glucosyl-glycerol, was degraded. The glucose component of glucosyl-glycerol was fermented, whereas glycerol was released into the medium. Cells with a high content of glycogen (about 2 (mu)mol of glucose per mg of protein) did not utilize glucosyl-glycerol. These cells produced more acetate than ethanol. M. chthonoplastes was also capable of using elemental sulfur as the electron acceptor during fermentation, resulting in the production of sulfide. With sulfur present, acetate production increased whereas ethanol production decreased. Also, less formate was produced and the evolution of hydrogen ceased completely. In general, the carbon recoveries were satisfactory but the oxidation-reduction balances were too high. The latter could be explained by assuming the reduction of ferric iron, which...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 7, 2005·FEMS Microbiology Ecology·K L M DeckerP T Visscher
Feb 5, 2009·Journal of Applied Microbiology·R M M AbedK Sudesh
Sep 14, 2016·Frontiers in Microbiology·Philipp SavakisFilipe Branco Dos Santos
May 20, 2020·The ISME Journal·Christen L GrettenbergerAnne D Jungblut
Jan 26, 2008·Environmental Microbiology·Daniel H BuckleyPieter T Visscher
Oct 7, 2009·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·D T JohnstonA H Knoll
Jan 13, 2015·Environmental Microbiology·Dörte HoffmannFerran Garcia-Pichel
Aug 11, 2015·Frontiers in Microbiology·Michael NielsenMichael Kühl
Oct 6, 2009·Environmental Microbiology·Shana K Goffredi, Victoria J Orphan
Jun 20, 2008·Microbial Ecology·Laurence DucJosef Zeyer
Nov 11, 2010·FEMS Microbiology Ecology·Rok TkavcNina Gunde-Cimerman
Dec 4, 2002·Environmental Microbiology·Stefan GrötzschelDirk de Beer
Jul 14, 2010·FEMS Microbiology Reviews·Martin Hagemann
Dec 24, 2005·Microbial Cell Factories·Debajyoti DuttaSanjoy K Bhattacharya

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