Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: An Overview from the Glia Perspective

Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience
Clare J Wilhelm, Marina Guizzetti

Abstract

Alcohol consumption during pregnancy can produce a variety of central nervous system (CNS) abnormalities in the offspring resulting in a broad spectrum of cognitive and behavioral impairments that constitute the most severe and long-lasting effects observed in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). Alcohol-induced abnormalities in glial cells have been suspected of contributing to the adverse effects of alcohol on the developing brain for several years, although much research still needs to be done to causally link the effects of alcohol on specific brain structures and behavior to alterations in glial cell development and function. Damage to radial glia due to prenatal alcohol exposure may underlie observations of abnormal neuronal and glial migration in humans with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS), as well as primate and rodent models of FAS. A reduction in cell number and altered development has been reported for several glial cell types in animal models of FAS. In utero alcohol exposure can cause microencephaly when alcohol exposure occurs during the brain growth spurt a period characterized by rapid astrocyte proliferation and maturation; since astrocytes are the most abundant cells in the brain, microenchephaly may be cause...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 26, 2009·BMC Pediatrics·Elizabeth PeadonElizabeth J Elliott
Oct 11, 2017·Biochemistry and Cell Biology = Biochimie Et Biologie Cellulaire·Kaylee K HelfrichSusan M Smith
Jan 13, 2018·The Journal of Headache and Pain·Gianluca CoppolaFrancesco Pierelli
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Apr 9, 2021·Developmental Neurobiology·Preeti KarCatherine Lebel
Jul 21, 2021·Biological Psychiatry·Sebastiano Bariselli, David M Lovinger

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
lipidation

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