Fetal surgery for spina bifida aperta

Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition
Luc JoyeuxJan Deprest

Abstract

Spina bifida aperta (SBA) is one of the most common congenital malformations. It can cause severe lifelong physical and neurodevelopmental disabilities. Experimental and clinical studies have shown that the neurological deficits associated with SBA are not simply caused by incomplete neurulation at the level of the lesion. Additional damage is caused by prolonged exposure of the spinal cord and nerves to the intrauterine environment and a suction gradient due to cerebrospinal fluid leakage, leading to progressive downward displacement of the hindbrain. This natural history can be reversed by prenatal repair. A randomised controlled trial demonstrated that mid-gestational maternal-fetal surgery for SBA decreases the need for ventriculoperitoneal shunting and hindbrain herniation at 12 months and improves neurological motor function at 30 months of age. This came at the price of maternal and fetal risks, the most relevant ones being increased prematurity and a persistent uterine corporeal scar. Recently minimally invasive fetal approaches have been introduced clinically yet they lack extensive experimental or clinical trials. We aim to provide clinicians with the essential information necessary to counsel SBA parents as the basis...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 7, 2018·Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology : the Official Journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology·A InversettiJ Deprest
Aug 2, 2019·Journal of Neurosurgery. Pediatrics·Michael C Dewan, John C Wellons
Jul 3, 2020·BMJ : British Medical Journal·Rodrigo Ruano
Jul 28, 2020·Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience·Karolina JanikBarbara Krynska
Jun 30, 2019·Scientific Reports·Luc JoyeuxJan Deprest

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