Fetal surgical repair with placenta-derived mesenchymal stromal cell engineered patch in a rodent model of myelomeningocele

Journal of Pediatric Surgery
Y Julia ChenDiana Farmer

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to determine the feasibility of fetal surgical repair of myelomeningocele (MMC) in a rodent model using human placental mesenchymal stromal cells (PMSCs) seeded onto extracellular matrix (ECM) and to characterize the resulting changes in spinal cord tissue. Fetal rodents with retinoic acid (RA) induced MMC underwent surgical repair of the MMC defect using an ECM patch on embryonic age (EA) 19 and were collected via caesarean section on EA 21. Various seeding densities of PMSC-ECM and ECM only controls were evaluated. Cross-sectional compression (width/height) and apoptotic cell density of the lumbosacral spinal cord were analyzed. 67 dams treated with 40mg/kg of RA resulted in 352 pups with MMC defects. 121 pups underwent MMC repair, and 105 (86.8%) survived to term. Unrepaired MMC pups had significantly greater cord compression and apoptotic cell density compared to normal non-MMC pups. Pups treated with PMSC-ECM had significantly less cord compression and demonstrated a trend towards decreased apoptotic cell density compared to pups treated with ECM only. Surgical repair of MMC with a PMSC-seeded ECM disc is feasible with a postoperative survival rate of 86.8%. Fetal rodents repaired with PMSC-ECM...Continue Reading

Citations

Feb 7, 2018·Stem Cell Research & Therapy·Mónica S Ventura FerreiraSabine Neuss
May 18, 2019·Biomaterials Science·Sally M WinklerPhillip B Messersmith
Feb 13, 2019·FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·Priyadarsini KumarAijun Wang
Feb 4, 2021·Stem Cells Translational Medicine·Jennifer SotoSong Li
Mar 16, 2021·The British Journal of Surgery·K Sampat, P D Losty
Mar 21, 2021·Stem Cell Reviews and Reports·Alireza Soltani KhaboushanMasoumeh Majidi Zolbin
Jul 5, 2021·Journal of Pediatric Surgery·Christina M TheodorouDiana L Farmer
Aug 24, 2021·BioMed Research International·Sarah C StokesAijun Wang

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Apoptosis is a specific process that leads to programmed cell death through the activation of an evolutionary conserved intracellular pathway leading to pathognomic cellular changes distinct from cellular necrosis