Fight, fatigue and flight: narrowing of attention to a threat compensates for decreased anti-predator vigilance

The Journal of Experimental Biology
Kazutaka Ota

Abstract

Fighting carries a predation risk because animals have limited attention, constraining their ability to simultaneously engage in aggression and anti-predator vigilance. However, the influence of interspecific aggression and fatigue on the predation cost of fighting is seldom examined, although both are unignorable aspects of fighting. Here, I incorporated both factors in a series of field experiments on the cichlid Lamprologus ocellatus. If territorial males respond more strongly to conspecific territorial intruders than to heterospecific intruders, then they should delay escape more frequently during intraspecific fighting than during interspecific fighting. Consequently, although I predicted that vigilance would be decreased as fighting progresses in both cases, intraspecific aggression should decrease vigilance more than interspecific aggression. Males were also exposed to a predator approaching at different (slow or fast) speeds during these fighting bouts. Delays in predator detection and flight initiation were quantified and these predictions were tested. As predicted, males responded more strongly to intraspecific intruders, resulting in slower predator detection and fleeing times than when encountering interspecific int...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 5, 2019·Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society·Guy Beauchamp

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