Finger forces in fastball baseball pitching

Human Movement Science
Hiroshi KinoshitaGlenn S Fleisig

Abstract

Forces imparted by the fingers onto a baseball are the final, critical aspects for pitching, however these forces have not been quantified previously as no biomechanical technology was available. In this study, an instrumented baseball was developed for direct measurement of ball reaction force by individual fingers and used to provide fundamental information on the forces during a fastball pitch. A tri-axial force transducer with a cable having an easily-detachable connector were installed in an official baseball. Data were collected from 11 pitchers who placed the fingertip of their index, middle, ring, or thumb on the transducer, and threw four-seam fastballs to a target cage from a flat mound. For the index and middle fingers, resultant ball reaction force exhibited a bimodal pattern with initial and second peaks at 38-39ms and 6-7ms before ball release, and their amplitudes were around 97N each. The ring finger and thumb produced single-peak forces of approximately 50 and 83N, respectively. Shear forces for the index and middle fingers formed distinct peak at 4-5ms before release, and the peaks summed to 102N; a kinetic source for backspin on the ball. An additional experiment with submaximal pitching effort showed a linea...Continue Reading

Citations

Jul 25, 2019·European Journal of Sport Science·Arata KimuraSenshi Fukashiro
Aug 7, 2019·Current Sports Medicine Reports·Heather K Vincent, Kevin R Vincent
Apr 3, 2020·Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research·Shota HoshikaKeiichi Akita
Jul 18, 2020·Applied Bionics and Biomechanics·Juri TaborriStefano Rossi
Dec 18, 2020·European Journal of Sport Science·Shohei ShibataSenshi Fukashiro
Dec 22, 2020·Frontiers in Sports and Active Living·Takeshi YamaguchiDaiki Nasu
Mar 8, 2021·Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition·Yasushi TakataHiroyuki Tsuchiya
Dec 21, 2020·Journal of Orthopaedic Science : Official Journal of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association·Yuko NakashimaNobuo Adachi

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