Finite element analysis of crestal bone loss around porous-coated dental implants

Journal of Applied Biomaterials : an Official Journal of the Society for Biomaterials
H VaillancourtD McCammond

Abstract

Crestal bone loss is observed around various designs of dental implants. A possible cause of this bone loss is related to the stresses acting on periimplant bone. To investigate the relationship between stress state and bone loss, two-dimensional finite element models corresponding to bucco-lingual and mesio-distal sections of canine mandibles with one of two designs of porous-coated dental implants were analyzed. A fully porous-coated design consisting of a solid Ti6A14V core had a porous coating over the entire outer surface of the implant component, while a partially porous-coated design had the porous coating over the apical two-thirds of the implant surface only. Occlusal forces with axial and transverse components were assumed to act on the implant with interface bonding and effective force transfer at all porous coat-bone interfaces and no bonding for the non-porous-coated regions. The results of the analysis indicated that at most implant aspects (buccal, lingual, mesial, and distal), the equivalent stresses in crestal bone adjacent to the coronal-most, non-porous-coated zone of the partially porous-coated implants were lower than around the most coronal region of the fully porous-coated implants. The region of lower st...Continue Reading

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