First Outbreak of Blackleg Caused by Phoma lingam in Commercial Canola Fields in Argentina

Plant Disease
S A Gaetán

Abstract

Canola (Brassica napus) was introduced as an alternative crop to wheat in Argentina. During 2004, typical symptoms of foliar blackleg disease were observed on canola plants in commercial and experimental fields in southern Buenos Aires Province. Average disease incidence was 32% on 2- to 4-month-old plants of canola cvs. Impulse, Master, Mistral, and Teddy. The range of incidence on these cultivars was 21 to 43%. Foliar symptoms were randomly distributed at seedling, rosette, and flowering stages. Symptoms included necrosis and chlorosis of the affected leaf tissue and defoliation. Foliar leaf spots were circular to irregularly oval, 5 to 12 mm in diameter, pale brown in the center, and grayish green at the margin. Small, black pycnidia formed in the center of the adaxial surface of diseased foliage. Under favorable temperature and moisture conditions, lesions enlarged and coalesced. Older lesions appeared chlorotic and desiccated with shredded tissue at the center. A severe defoliation of the lower leaves was observed. As the disease developed, basal stem cankers formed on these plants, although disease incidence in this phase was low. Pieces (0.5 cm long) were taken from leaves and stems of diseased plants, dipped in 70% etha...Continue Reading

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