First record of black band disease in the Hawaiian archipelago: response, outbreak status, virulence, and a method of treatment

PloS One
Greta S AebySean M Callahan

Abstract

A high number of coral colonies, Montipora spp., with progressive tissue loss were reported from the north shore of Kaua'i by a member of the Eyes of the Reef volunteer reporting network. The disease has a distinct lesion (semi-circular pattern of tissue loss with an adjacent dark band) that was first observed in Hanalei Bay, Kaua'i in 2004. The disease, initially termed Montipora banded tissue loss, appeared grossly similar to black band disease (BBD), which affects corals worldwide. Following the initial report, a rapid response was initiated as outlined in Hawai'i's rapid response contingency plan to determine outbreak status and investigate the disease. Our study identified the three dominant bacterial constituents indicative of BBD (filamentous cyanobacteria, sulfate-reducing bacteria, sulfide-oxidizing bacteria) in coral disease lesions from Kaua'i, which provided the first evidence of BBD in the Hawaiian archipelago. A rapid survey at the alleged outbreak site found disease to affect 6-7% of the montiporids, which is higher than a prior prevalence of less than 1% measured on Kaua'i in 2004, indicative of an epizootic. Tagged colonies with BBD had an average rate of tissue loss of 5.7 cm2/day over a two-month period. Trea...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 18, 2016·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Kathryn P SutherlandJames W Porter
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Jan 10, 2017·Frontiers in Microbiology·Patrick BuergerMadeleine J H van Oppen
Nov 22, 2018·Diseases of Aquatic Organisms·Toshiki KubomuraJames Davis Reimer

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
KM258122

Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR

Software Mentioned

MEGA5
BLAST
BioEdit
Image J

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