First Report of a Wilt and Stem Rot of Muskmelon and Watermelon Transplants Incited by Pseudomonas cichorii in Serbia

Plant Disease
A Obradovic, M Arsenijevic

Abstract

In 1989, a wilt and stem rot of muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) was reported on seedlings grown under plastic in northern Serbia (1). In 1998, a similar disease of watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris L.) transplants occurred in central Serbia, resulting in losses estimated at 20% of plants grown in the nursery. Initial symptoms appeared as water-soaked lesions on the stem and lower surfaces of cotyledons and first true leaves. Necrosis started from leaf water-soaked areas and spread over the entire plant. Many stems softened and toppled. Wilting was also associated with the latter stages of the disease. Six representative strains isolated from water-soaked stem lesions on muskmelon in 1989 (three strains) and on watermelon in 1998 (three strains) were characterized. All strains were gram negative, strictly aerobic, motile, rod-shaped, and fluorescent on King's B medium, but negative for levan production, soft rot of potato, and arginine dihydrolase activity. Furthermore, strains were oxidase positive and induced a strong hypersensitive reaction in tobacco leaves. All of these reactions are characteristic of Pseudomonas cichorii (2). All six strains were confirmed to be P. cichorii based on analysis of cell-wall fatty acid profiles using...Continue Reading

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