First Report of Cylindrocladium Black Rot Caused by Cylindrocladium parasiticum on Peanut in Texas

Plant Disease
T A Wheeler, M C Black

Abstract

During August 2004, Cylindrocladium parasiticum Crous, M.J. Wingf., & Alfenas (teleomorph Calonectria ilicicola Boedijin & Reitsma) was isolated from peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cv. NC 7 taken from an irrigated field in Terry County, TX. On 24 September, the mean length of patches with symptoms of dead plants and confirmed for the presence of C. parasiticum was 40 cm (averaged over 52 patches). Pods, pegs, roots, and lower stems of affected plants had decayed black lesions. No perithecia were observed. Roots were plated on water agar, and mycelia growth was transferred to potato dextrose agar (PDA). Conidia and microsclerotia typical of C. parasiticum had formed at 14 days. After 21 days on PDA, the following mean measurements were recorded: macroconidia 57 × 7 μm (usually two septations); stipe 115 × 4 μm; and sphaeropedunculate vesicle 15 × 10 μm. These are within reported ranges for C. parasiticum (1). Four-week-old cultures were comminuted in tap water and added (mycelium and microsclerotia) to potting medium (noninfested nonsterile peanut field soil/peat moss potting mix, 1:1). Peanut-specific Bradyrhizobium sp. was applied before planting. Three 3-day-old peanut cv. Tamrun 88 seedlings were transplanted in infested soil ...Continue Reading

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