First Report of Didymella americana causing corn stalk rot in China

Plant Disease
Guanghui HuShuhua Fan

Abstract

Corn (Zea mays L.) is an important food crop and feedstuff worldwide. However, Corn stalk rot, caused by multiple pathogens, is globally an economic soil-borne disease worldwide. In September 2019, a survey was carried out to characterize pathogenic fungi in corn stalks in Nehe city (48.48°N 124.88°E), Heilongjiang Province, China. Stalk rot incidence was approximately 5% in three of the fields sampled (5 ha/per field). Symptoms included wilting of whole plants, drooping ears or rapid death of the upper leaves or whole plant from blister stage to physiological maturity (growth stages R2- R6) stage with drooping ears or rapid death of the upper leaves or whole plant. A brown to black dry rot or necrosis was observed throughout the central pith and internal tissues of the stalk and crown were observed, which resulted in hollow and soft stalks. Fifteen tissue samples (0.25 cm2) from 15 individual diseased plants were surface disinfested with 75% ethanol for 2 s, followed by 0.5% NaOCl for 5 min, rinsed three times in sterile distilled water and cultured on potato dextrose agar (PDA) with 50 µg/mL streptomycin at 26°C in darkness. After 3 days, a total of eight fungal isolates with consistent characteristics were obtained from thre...Continue Reading

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