First Report of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum Race 2 as Causal Agent of Fusarium Wilt of Watermelon in Indiana

Plant Disease
D S EgelR Martyn

Abstract

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum race 1 is uniformly distributed throughout watermelon (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai) growing regions, but F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum race 2 has a limited known distribution in the United States (Texas, Florida, Oklahoma, Maryland, and Delaware) (3,4). Since the spring of 2001, commercial watermelon fields in Knox and Gibson counties in southwestern Indiana have been observed with symptoms of one-sided wilt and vascular discoloration typical of Fusarium wilt. Race 2 of F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum was suspected as the casual agent since the diseased watermelon cultivars are considered resistant to races 0 and 1. Two isolates of F. oxysporum obtained from wilted watermelon plants in two different commercial fields and one isolate obtained from a wilted seedling in a transplant house were compared for pathogenicity in a greenhouse assay. Known isolates of F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum races 0, 1, and 2 were obtained from Don Hopkins (University of Florida, Apopka), Kate Everts (University of Maryland/University of Delaware, Salisbury, MD), and Ray Martyn (Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN), respectively, and were used for comparison. All isolates were grown in shake cultures in a miner...Continue Reading

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