First Report of Puccinia xanthii on Xanthium italicum in Eastern Hungary

Plant Disease
I DávidG J Kövics

Abstract

In 2002, in Debrecen, eastern Hungary, Puccinia xanthii Schwein. was detected on hunter burr, a geographically spreading, noxious weed species in row crops. Symptoms were found on leaves, stems, and petioles of plants collected from a competition experiment between sugarbeet and hunter burr. Density of the hunter burr population (6 plants per m2 or 20 plants per m2) influenced the rate of infection. In the low-density population, the number of rust pustules and infected leaves was lower than that in the high-density population, in which 70% infection was reached by September. First symptoms appeared at the end of July (high-density population) and in the beginning of August (low-density population) in the form of small, chlorotic raised spots on the underside of the leaves. Dark brown telia (3.8 mm in diameter or larger) developed on spots. Elliptical telia occurred at the rate of 0.02 to 2.37 pustules per cm2. Elongated pustules caused swelling and epidermal splitting on stems and petioles. Teliospores were brown, two-celled, and 35 to 56 × 15 to 21 μm, the walls were 0.8 to 1.0 μm at the side and 5 to 8 μm at the apex, the septum was 1 to 1.5 μm, and a persistant pedicel was 15 to 50 μm. Size and morphology of teliospores fit...Continue Reading

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