First Report of Sclerotinia Blight Caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum on Peanut in Georgia

Plant Disease
J E WoodwardJ R Clark

Abstract

Sclerotinia blight is one of the most economically important diseases of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in Oklahoma and Virginia. Yield losses of 10% are common in these areas; however, losses may exceed 50% in highly infested fields (1). While Sclerotinia minor is considered the primary causal agent, S. sclerotiorum may also incite the disease. Symptoms typically appear late in the season and are favored by cool temperatures and high relative humidity (RH). Initial symptoms include wilting and yellowing of main or lateral branches. Dense mats of white mycelium develop on diseased areas, and small water-soaked lesions are apparent near the soil line. Lesions become bleached and infected tissues have a shredded appearance. Sclerotia are produced on and inside infected plant parts (2). During October 2004, following a period of heavy rainfall and cool temperatures, peanut plants (cv. Tifrunner) with these symptoms were observed in a field near Surrency, GA. The field had been planted to cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) for many years and peanut was strip-tilled into a heavy rye (Secale cereale L.) cover. Disease foci were found throughout the field and final incidence was 20%. Stem sections were surface disinfested in 0.5% sodium hyp...Continue Reading

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